{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T02:52:43Z","timestamp":1707101563710},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,19]],"date-time":"2005-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1129680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9057,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1981,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The level of exposure of laboratory animals to 60\u2010Hz electric fields is commonly specified in terms of the unperturbed field strength present before the introduction of experimental subjects and their cages. In the research reported in this paper, rats were housed in two parallel rows of 12.4 cm \u00d7 25.1 cm \u00d7 10.2 cm high plastic cages resting on the lower electrode of a parallel\u2010plate exposure system, and the actual perturbed electric fields experienced by an experimental animal were investigated. The most important results are: 1) Reducing the spacing between the exposure electrodes from 8.7 to 1.7 times the height of a singly exposed rat model, while maintaining a constant unperturbed field strength, resulted in a 15% increase in the electric field at the highest point on the surface of the body and a 10% increase in the short\u2010circuit current of the model. 2) For multiple animal exposures, increases of 10% in both the field at the highest point of the body and the short\u2010circuit current were observed when the electrode spacing was reduced from 8.7 to 2.6 times the height of a rat. 3) Plastic cages caused 1 \u2013 6% reductions in the electric field at the surface of the body, except very near the cage walls, where enhancements of more than 20% were observed. 4) When 16 rats were simultaneously exposed, the short\u2010circuit current, I<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>, of an individual subject of weight W (in g), that was surrounded on all sides by other rats of weight W, was reduced from the short\u2010circuit current, I<jats:sub>u<\/jats:sub>, measured with the same subject individually exposed as follows: during a 12 h light (sleeping) cycle, I<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\/I<jats:sub>u<\/jats:sub> = 1.00 \u2013 0.0173W<jats:sup>1\/2<\/jats:sup>; during a 12 h night (awake) cycle, I<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\/I<jats:sub>u<\/jats:sub> = 1.00 \u2013 0.0136W<jats:sup>1\/2<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250020105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,4]],"date-time":"2006-02-04T11:21:37Z","timestamp":1139052097000},"page":"33-50","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Interactive effects in 60\u2010HZ electric\u2010field exposure systems"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"William T.","family":"Kaune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAS.1967.291858"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"BridgesJE(1975): Biological effects of high voltage electric fields. 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