{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T04:56:17Z","timestamp":1758862577159},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,11]],"date-time":"2005-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8380,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentrations in the blood serum and submaxillary salivary gland (SSG) were investigated in adult, male rats exposed to 2880\u2010MHz microwaves modulated with 1.5\u2010\u03bcs pulses at a pulse repetition rate of 1000 Hz or in a hyperthermal environment. Rats were exposed, one at a time, for 30 min to microwaves producing a specific absorption rate (SAR) of: 4.2, 6.3,6.8,8.4, 10.8, or 12.6 W\/kg, or were sham exposed under similar environmental conditions. In a second series, one group of rats was exposed singly for 15, 30, or 60 min to microwaves producing an SAR of 9.5 W\/kg and other rats were exposed for similar periods at 40 \u00b0C; and 10 rats were sham exposed. Flame photometric analysis indicated that the thresholds of microwave radiation required to induce a change in Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentrations in the salivary glands are 6.8, 6.8, and 6.3 W\/kg, respectively. The directions of Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ion shifts in exposed rats' salivary glands are similar, whether affected by microwaves or hyperthermia. Greater changes in Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentrations in SSG of rats exposed to microwaves for 15 and 30 min were found than in those exposed at 40 \u00b0C. On the other hand, exposure to hyperthermia at 40 \u00b0C or to microwaves for 1 h caused Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration to be increased by 68.7 and 59.5% and K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration to be decreased by 29.6 and 21.7%, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250040106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,7]],"date-time":"2007-06-07T13:58:09Z","timestamp":1181224689000},"page":"55-62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Quantitative changes in potassium, sodium, and calcium in the submaxillary salivary gland and blood serum of rats exposed to 2880\u2010MHz microwave radiation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Furmaniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0302-4598(87)87008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/RS014i06Sp00093"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/00222739.1976.11689008","article-title":"Metal ion content of specific areas of the rat brain after 1600\u2010MHz radiofrequency irradiation","volume":"11","author":"Chamness AF","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Microwave Power"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Biological Membranes","author":"Dowber RM","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Hematologic and serum electrolyte values of the C57BL\/6J male mouse in maturity and senescence","volume":"23","author":"Finch CE","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"FurmaniakA(1980): Ions shift in blood serum and tissue due to electromagnetic field. Hygienic evaluation of electromagnetic field and radiation. Studia i Materialy Monograficzne no 2 (in Polish with an English summary). \u0141oacute;d\u017a Poland: Institute of Occupational Medicine."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1967.212.6.1288","article-title":"Saliva spreading, activity and body temperature regulation in the rat","volume":"212","author":"Hainsworth FR","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1968.214.5.979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1961.201.6.1002","article-title":"Electrical conductivity and electrolyte distribution in a salivary gland","volume":"201","author":"Harreveld A","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222739.1975.11688959"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/RS014i06Sp00109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250020106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"212","volume-title":"Influence of Microwave Radiation on the Organism of Man and Animals","author":"Petrov IR","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Significance of lipid and electrolyte changes of the blood for development of reaction to the effects of microwaves","volume":"2","author":"Sadcikowa MN","year":"1980","journal-title":"Gig Tr Prof Zabol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"ZaorskaT(1974): Standard values of choice components of blood and urine in rabbits. The chosen coefficients of the aqueous\u2010mineral balance. Zwierzeta Lab X 2:35\u201345."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Biostatistical Analysis","author":"Zar JH","year":"1974"}],"container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbem.2250040106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bem.2250040106","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,19]],"date-time":"2023-10-19T22:44:44Z","timestamp":1697755484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bem.2250040106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1983,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bem.2250040106"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bem.2250040106","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-8462","1521-186X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-8462","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-186X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1983,1]]}}}