{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T15:08:06Z","timestamp":1759072086532},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,19]],"date-time":"2005-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1129680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7596,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both positive and negative biological effects of microwaves on drug actions in rats exposed to 1\u2010mW\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, 2,450\u2010MHz microwaves have been reported by several investigators. We conducted dosimetry studies for seven different exposure conditions to determine whether these different results could be due to the rats having been exposed differently. They included anterior and posterior exposures in a circular waveguide, near field, far field with E\u2010or H\u2010field parallel to the long axis of the body and dorsal exposure in a miniature anechoic chamber with E\u2010 or H\u2010field parallel to the long axis of the body. The average specific absorption rates (SARs) in the head, tail, and body of the exposed rats were measured by means of a calorimetry system. The local SARs at eight locations in the brain were determined by temperature measurement with Vitek probes. Intensive coupling of energy to the tail when it was exposed parallel to the E\u2010field was shown by thermography. For the same average incident power density, the average SARs in the heads of rats were about two times higher in the circular waveguide than for other exposures. The local SARs in the brain varied for different exposure conditions. Statistical comparisons of SARs under the different exposure conditions are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250060108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,4]],"date-time":"2006-02-04T00:25:29Z","timestamp":1139012729000},"page":"73-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Specific absorption rate in rats exposed to 2,450\u2010MHz microwaves under seven exposure conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Chung\u2010Kwang","family":"Chou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur W.","family":"Guy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"McDougall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-044020-7.50023-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/RS014i06Sp00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/RS012i06Sp00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250030403"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250050404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Behavior Workshop Proceedings","author":"DeWitt JR","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"DurneyCH JohnsonCC BarberPW MassoudiH IskanderMF LordsJL RyserDK AllenSJ MitchellJC(1978): \u201cRadiofrequency Radiation Dosimetry Handbook \u201d 2nd Ed. Rep. SAM\u2010TR\u201078\u201022 USAF School of Aerospace Medicine Brooks Air Force Base TX."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16070658.1979.11689168"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/RS014i06Sp00063"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"HamiltonJ JohnsonRB ChouCK GuyAW(1981): Profile of diazepam treatment effects following pulsed microwave exposure of the rat. In: \u201cBEMS 3rd Annual Conference August 9\u201312 Abstracts \u201d p.41."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"JohnsonRB HamiltonJ ChouCK GuyAW(1981): Component benzodiazepine effects of shuttlebox behavior in rats exposed to pulsed microwaves. In: \u201cBEMS 3rd Annual Conference August 9\u201312 Abstracts \u201d p.3."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250040303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250050208"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"LovelyRH LundstromDL PhillipsRD(1981): Dosimetric and behavioral analysis of microwave\u2010drug synergistic effects on operant behavior in the rat. Battelle Memorial Institute Pacific Northwest Division Richland WA. Final Report Contract N00014\u201079\u2010C\u20100819 Naval Medical Research and Development Command Bethesda MD."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"A stereotaxic Atlas of the Rat Brain","author":"Pellegrino LJ","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1975.tb36025.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"SessionsGR(1981): Effects of chlordiazepoxide\u2010HCL and 2450 MHz pulse\u2010modulated microwave radiation in waveguide on fixed\u2010 and variable\u2010interval bar press responding in rats. In: \u201cBEMS 3rd Annual Conference August 9\u201312 Abstracts \u201d p.3."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250010109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves","author":"Thomas JR","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.424759"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/RS014i06Sp00253"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Behavioral effects of chlorpromazine and diazepam combined with low\u2010level microwaves","volume":"2","author":"Thomas JR","year":"1980","journal-title":"Neurobehav Toxicol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250030207"}],"container-title":["Bioelectromagnetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbem.2250060108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bem.2250060108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T12:54:29Z","timestamp":1697892869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bem.2250060108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bem.2250060108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bem.2250060108","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0197-8462","1521-186X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0197-8462","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-186X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]}}}