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Attempts were made to separate thermal and athermal effects by accurate measurements of temperature at the site of the membrane and by relating the measured parameters to their previously characterized temperature dependence. It was found that microwave radiation does not affect single\u2010channel conductance or channel life time to a degree that is significantly different from that expected of a purely thermal effect. On the other hand, the rate of channel formation is decreased during exposure, which is opposite to that expected of a purely thermal effect. The mechanism of this effect is discussed in terms of the dimerization process of channel formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250120103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,4]],"date-time":"2006-02-04T11:46:53Z","timestamp":1139053613000},"page":"9-20","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The effect of microwave radiation on the stability and formation of gramicidin\u2010A channels in lipid bilayer membranes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Sandblom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sten","family":"Theander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1981.61.2.435"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"735","article-title":"Some aspects of the microwave effect on the bilayer membranes modified with gramicidin","volume":"25","author":"Alekseyev S","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biofizika"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(74)90037-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250090406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(83)90264-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01875422"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/qua.560020505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(72)90178-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1981-0157","volume-title":"Biological Effects of Nonionizing Radiation","author":"Illinger K","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(77)90376-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3576581"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250090306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01871143"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5564(78)90055-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(86)90160-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-7388(00)81319-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(88)83135-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(88)83134-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"SandblomJ TheanderS BaltzerP(1985): The effect of microwave radiation on the stability and formation of gramicidin A channels in lipid bilayer membranes. 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