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We sham\u2010exposed or exposed human SH\u2010SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to 0.5\u2010, 1.5\u2010, 2.5\u2010, or 3.5\u2010mT SMFs for 24\u2009h either before or after irradiation at 0, 0.4 or 2.0\u2009Gy. After the exposures, cell cycle distribution (subG1 for apoptosis), reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, caspase\u20103 activity, and clonogenic survival were assayed. Increase of G0\/G1 and decrease of S phase cells was observed in samples exposed to a 3.5\u2010mT SMF after irradiation. The same exposure schedule with a 1.5\u2010mT SMF was associated with an increase of S phase cells, and an increase in ROS levels. Conversely, a decrease in ROS levels was observed in cells exposed to a 2.5\u2010mT SMF before ionizing radiation. No cell cycle changes were observed with SMF exposures before irradiation. Caspase\u20103 activity or clonogenic survival was not affected by SMF exposures, irrespective of the exposure schedule. In conclusion, small changes in cell cycle distribution and ROS levels were observed in SH\u2010SY5Y cells exposed to SMFs, with more prominent effects observed when SMF exposure was applied after irradiation. Our results suggest that SMF\u2010induced effects show no linear dependency on magnetic flux density below 5\u2009mT. Notably, SMF exposures did not significantly potentiate the effects of ionizing radiation but rather caused an independent additive effect. Bioelectromagnetics. 00:00\u201300, 2024.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.22538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T13:14:46Z","timestamp":1736342086000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Static Magnetic Field Exposure Causes Small Cell Cycle Disruptions and Changes in Reactive Oxygen Species Levels in Ionizing Radiation Exposed Human Neuroblastoma Cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2954-7782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valtteri","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuopio University Hospital Center of Oncology Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tuomas","family":"Vir\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuopio University Hospital Center of Oncology Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jukka","family":"Juutilainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonne","family":"Naarala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jukka","family":"Luukkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0888-2_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers5041199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.739780","article-title":"Is There a Histone Code for Cellular Quiescence?","volume":"9","author":"Bonitto K.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2004.04.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/embor.2013.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cbr.2009.0743"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2004.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/602987"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.20625"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Ionizing Radiation, Part 1: X\u2010 and Gamma (\u03b3)\u2010radiation, and Neutrons","volume":"75","author":"IARC","year":"2000","journal-title":"Overall introduction. 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