{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T05:32:40Z","timestamp":1700026360475},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,19]],"date-time":"2006-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1150675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ber Wissenschaftsgesch"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Foreign knowledge being tested: European physicians fighting the Moscow plague of 1771<\/jats:italic>. \u2013 The transfer of Western medicine to Russia increased significantly in the Eighteenth century. Foreign doctors were employed, their writings translated, their education standards copied. But who regarded that knowledge as superior and why? Taking the Moscow Plague of 1771 as a case study, this article examines the crucial role foreign and Russian medical practitioners played during the epidemic. It argues that especially those ideas and practices that were useful for social control filtered into politics and public discourse, but failed to convince the majority of the population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bewi.200601163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,19]],"date-time":"2006-06-19T11:33:32Z","timestamp":1150716812000},"page":"191-204","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Wissenstransfer auf dem Pr\u00fcfstand. Europ\u00e4ische Mediziner im Kampf gegen die Pest von Moskau 1771"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Renner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franc\u2010Fridrich Derbek: Istorija c\u0306umnych \u0117pidemij v Rossii s osnovanii gosudarstva do nastojas\u0306c\u0306ego vremeni. Med. Dissertation. St. Petersburg 1905. Vgl. allgemein Otto Ulbricht: Einleitung. Die Allgegenw\u00e4rtigkeit der Pest in der Fr\u00fchen Neuzeit und ihre Vernachl\u00e4ssigung in der Geschichtswissenschaft. In: derselbe (Hrsg.): Die leidige Seuche. Pest\u2010F\u00e4lle in der Fr\u00fchen Neuzeit. 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Jahrhundert.","author":"Espagne Michel","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_3","volume-title":"Das eine Europa und die Vielfalt der Kulturen: Kulturtransfer in Europa 1500\u20131850.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","volume-title":"Opisanie morovoj jazvy, byvs\u0306ej v stolic\u0306nom gorode Moskve s 1770 po 1772 god.","author":"S\u0306afonskij Afanasij F.","year":"1775"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"209","volume-title":"Migration nach Ost\u2010 und S\u00fcdosteuropa vom 18. bis zum Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts.","author":"Dinges Martin","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_3","volume-title":"The Medical Enlightenment of the Eighteenth Century.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"Kulturtransfer und Fachgeschichte der Geisteswissenschaften.","volume":"10","author":"Espagne Michel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Comparativ"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","unstructured":"Ein systematischer Vergleich steht indes noch aus. Zum Folgenden vgl. neben J. T. Alexander (wie Anm. 3) die offizielle materialreiche Darstellung von A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","unstructured":"Ukaz vom 11. 10. 1771. In: A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) Priloz\u0306enija 340\u2013347."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","unstructured":"F.\u2010F. Derbek (wie Anm. 1) 44\u201361."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_3","first-page":"4","article-title":"C\u0306uma v Moskve v 1654 g.","volume":"16","author":"Brikner Alexander G.","year":"1884","journal-title":"Istoric\u0306eskij vestnik"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_4","first-page":"414","article-title":"Bor\u2032ba s \u0117pidemijami v dopetrovskoj Rusi.","volume":"121","author":"Lachtin Michail Ju.","year":"1905","journal-title":"Russkaja Starina"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Das europ\u00e4ische Gesundheitssystem. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede in historischer Perspektive.","author":"Dinges Martin","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","volume-title":"Istorija pervych medicinskich s\u0306kol v Rossii.","author":"C\u0306istovic\u0306 Jakov A.","year":"1883"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_3","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Russkie gospital\u2032nye s\u0306koly XVIII veka i ich vospitanniki.","author":"Palkin B. N.","year":"1959"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","unstructured":"Nastavlenie. O predostoroz\u0306nostjach kotoryja prinimat\u2032 dolz?no v takom meste gde nachoditsja morovaja jazva dlja umen\u2032s\u0306enija bedstvij mogus\u0306c\u0306ich pric\u0306init\u2032sja ot onyj in: A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) Priloz\u0306enija 192\u2013197; Undatierter Bericht der Senatoren Teplov und Volkov. In: Rossijskij Gosudarstvennyj Istoric\u0306eskij Archiv Drevnich Aktov Moskau (= RGADA) fond 16 opis\u2032 1 delo 328\/ c\u0306. 1 listy 115\u2013119ob."},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_25_2.1","unstructured":"Anordnung Saltykovs vom 11. 03. 1771. In: A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) Priloz\u0306enija 214"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_25_2.2","unstructured":"Mnenie sluz?as\u0306c\u0306ee k predochraneniju goroda ot pojavivs\u0306ejsja bolezni 31. 03. 1771. In: RGADA fond 263 opis\u2032 1 \/ c\u0306. 2 delo 1663 listy 165-165ob"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_25_2.3","unstructured":"Senatserla\u00df vom 08. 04. 1771. Ebendort delo 1664 list 60."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","unstructured":"Bericht des Moskauer Senats an Katharina vom 12. 3. 1771. In: RGADA (wie Anm. 24) delo 1663 listy 64\u201371ob; A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) 55\u201359."},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_27_2.1","unstructured":"Senatsmemorandum vom 06. 04. 1771. In: RGADA (wie Anm. 24) delo 1663 l. 166"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_27_2.2","unstructured":"Senatsbericht an Katharina vom 29. 03. 1771. Ebendort listy 255-255ob."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","unstructured":"Vgl. A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) 65\u201377; Zitat aus einem Bericht des Medizinischen Kontors an Senat 21. 03. 1771. In: RGADA (wie Anm. 24) delo 1663 listy 159\u2013160 hier list 159ob."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","unstructured":"Bericht des Moskauer Medizinischen Rates an Erapkin 26. 07. 1771. In: RGADA (wie Anm. 24) delo 1664 listy 266\u2013269."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","unstructured":"Schreiben J. J. Lerches an Erapkin 19. 08. 1771. In: RGADA fond 199 opis\u2032 1 delo 151\/ c\u0306. 1 listy 22\u201325."},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_31_2.1","unstructured":"Brief Katharinas an P. S. Saltykov 31. 03. 1771. In: Pis\u2032ma Imperatricy Ekateriny Velikoj k fel\u2032dmars\u0306alu grafu Petru Semenevic\u0306u Saltykovu 1762-1771.Russkij Archiv24 (1886 \/ 9) 5-105 hier S. 97-99"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_31_2.2","unstructured":"Doklad Senata imperatrice Ekaterine II po povodu ee rasporjaz\u0306enij o morovoj jazve v Moskve v 1771 godu i reskript imperatricy na \u0117tot doklad.Moskovskij Vestnik5 (1829) 139-157"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_31_2.3","unstructured":"Zitat Katharinas aus ihrem Schreiben an Erapkin vom 20. 08. 1771. In: Jakov Rost (Hrsg.): Vysoc\u0306ajs\u0306ija sobstvennoruc\u0306nyja pis\u2032ma i povelenija [..] Imperatricy Ekateriny Velikoj k [..] Generalu Petru D. Erapkinu i vsepoddanejs\u0306ija ego donesenija. Moskau 1808 S. 53-58 hier S. 54."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","unstructured":"A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) 81f.; Bericht Erapkins vom 31. 08. 1771. In: Ja. Rost (wie Anm. 30) 65\u201370 hier S. 68f. Zitat S. 69."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","unstructured":"RGADA fond 263 opis\u2032 1 \/ c\u0306. 2 delo 1664 listy 112 229 232 475."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","unstructured":"Folgendes Zitat aus Johann Jacob Lerche: Lebens\u2010 und Reisegeschichte von ihm selbst beschrieben. Halle 1791 S. 461."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","unstructured":"J. J. Lerche (wie Anm. 33) 449; A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) 4."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","first-page":"28","volume-title":"An Account of the Plague That Raged at Moscow, 1771.","author":"Mertens Charles de","year":"1799"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_3","volume-title":"Beschreibung der Pest von 1770 bis 1772 in Moskau.","author":"Meltzer Franz","year":"1776"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","unstructured":"J. T. Alexander (wie Anm. 3) 280f."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","unstructured":"Spisok prednes\u0306imsja v prekras\u0306enii svireptsvovavs\u0306ej v Moskve v 1771 godu morovoj jazvy medic\u0306eskim c\u0306inam. In: RGADA fond 16 opis\u2032 1 delo 328\/ c\u0306. 1 listy 332\u2013333ob. Zu Samojlovic\u0306 siehe Ja. A. C\u0306istovic\u0306 (wie Anm. 22) CCLXXXIX f."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","first-page":"43","article-title":"A Misery Beyond Description? Plague as Metaphor in Moscow, 1770\u20131772.","volume":"23","author":"Renner Andreas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Medizin, Gesellschaft und Geschichte"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","volume-title":"Erfahrungen \u00fcber die Pest und Gedanken von der Pest, welche im Jahr 1738 und 1739 in der Ukraine gew\u00fctet hat.","author":"Schreiber Johann","year":"1752"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_3","volume-title":"Svodnyj katalog russkoj knigi graz\u0306danskoj pec\u0306ati XVIII veka, 1725\u20131800.","year":"1962"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","first-page":"272","volume-title":"Loimologija, ili opisanie morovoj jazvy, ee sus\u0306c\u0306estva, proizchoz\u0306denij, pric\u0306in, poraz\u0306enija i proizvodstva pripadkov, s pokazaniem obraza predochranenija i vrac\u0306evanija sej skorbi.","author":"Vien Ivan I.","year":"1786"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","unstructured":"Brief Katharinas II. an Voltaire (06. 10. 1771). In: Jakov K. Grot (Hrsg.): Bumagi Ekateriny II chranjas\u0306c\u0306ijasja v gosudarstvennom archive ministerstva Inostrannych del (1762\u20131774).Sbornik Imperatorskogo russkogo istoric\u0306eskogo obs\u0306c\u0306estva13 (1874) 175\u2013179 hier S. 177."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","unstructured":"Ukaz Katharinas an General Erapkin vom September 1771. In: Ja. Rost (wie Anm. 30) 79f. Antwort Erapkins vom 22. 09. 1771 ebendort 99\u2013101."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","first-page":"50","volume-title":"Abhandlung \u00fcber die Pest, welche 1771 das Russische Reich, besonders aber Moskau, die Hauptstadt, verheerte, nebst denen dagegen gebrauchten Mitteln.","author":"Samoilowitz Danilo","year":"1785"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","unstructured":"Report sostojas\u0306c\u0306im nyne v Moskve [..] doktoram [M\u00e4rz 1771]. In: RGADA fond 262 opis\u2032 1 \/ \u02d9 2 delo 1663 listy 21\u201323ob."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","unstructured":"Ausf\u00fchrlich hierzu Nikolai Kuhl: Der Pestaufstand in Moskau 1771. Magisterarbeit Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg 2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","unstructured":"Das Zitat stammt aus dem Bericht Erapkins an Katharina 22. 09. 1771. In: Ja. Rost (wie Anm. 30) 99\u2013101 hier 101. Siehe Polizeireport vom 22. 09. 1771. In: RGADA fond 6 opis\u2032 1 delo 410 listy 8\u201311 hier list 10. Vgl. J. J. Lerche (wie Anm. 33) 462f.; C. de Mertens (wie Anm. 35) 23; Report S\u0306afonskijs an Erapkin 29. 08. 1771. In: RGADA fond 263 opis\u2032 1 \/ c\u0306. 2 delo 1671 listy 3\u20134; D. Samoilowitz (wie Anm. 43) 81; 47 Solche Verst\u00f6\u00dfe ordnete die Kommission in die gr\u00f6\u00dfte Kategorie der weniger schweren Delikte ein. Sie wurden faktisch nicht weiter verfolgt: Protokoll der Senatssitzung vom 31. 10. 1771. In: RGADA fond 263 opis\u2032 1 \/ c\u0306. 2 delo 1674 listy 89\u201390; Senatsmemorandum vom 02. 11. 1771 ebendort listy 91\u201391ob."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","unstructured":"Report des Senats vom 12. 11. 1771. In: RGADA (wie Anm. 47) listy 121\u2013133 hier list 122."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","unstructured":"A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) 99."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","unstructured":"Ukaz Katharinas II. vom 15. 11. 1771. In: A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) Priloz\u0306enija 437\u2013442 Zitat 440."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_2","unstructured":"Brief Katharinas an G. B\u2032el\u2032ke vom 03. 10. 1771. In: Ja. K. Grot (wie Anm. 41) 172\u2013174."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_2","unstructured":"Vgl. Nastavlenie kakim obrazom vo vremja morovoj jazvy byli bol\u2032nicy ot predochranitel\u2032noj Kommissii uc\u0306rez?deny [ohne Datum]. In: A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) Priloz\u0306enija 390\u2013397; Alek\u2010 sandr G. Levs\u0306in: Slovo o predochranenija zdravija ot morovoj zarazitel\u2032noj jaszvy i o prinjatii sredstv pravitel\u2032stvom predpisannych po sluc\u0306aju usilivs\u0306ejsja v Moskve prilipc\u0306ivoj bolezni [..]. Moskau 1771; Kas\u2032jan O. Jagel\u2032skij: Uvedomlenie kakim obrazom voobs\u0306c\u0306e jad jazvennyj v domach i ves\u0306c\u0306ach zaraz?ennych i sumnitel\u2032nych istrebljat\u2032. Moskau 1771."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_2","unstructured":"Zum Beispiel A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) III V; I. Vien (wie Anm. 40) 1f. 51f."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_2","unstructured":"Vgl. F. W. Margraf: T\u00e4gliche Bemerkungen \u00fcber einen mit b\u00f6sartigen Flecken befindlichen Kranken. In: A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) Priloz\u0306enija 364\u2013372; D. Samoilowitz (wie Anm. 43) 208\u2013224."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_2","volume-title":"kakim obrazom predochranjat\u2032 sebja ot prilipc\u0306ivych boleznej.","author":"Nastavlenie","year":"1771"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_3","volume-title":"Primec\u0306anie k nastavlenijam dlja predochranenija ot zarazitel\u2032noj bolezni.","author":"Lerche Johann Jacob","year":"1771"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_2","first-page":"40","volume-title":"Z\u0306izn\u2032 i prikljuc\u0306enja Andreja Bolotova.","author":"Bolotov Andrej","year":"1872"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_2","unstructured":"Die Berichte des Moskauer Polizeimeisters \u00fcber Morbidit\u00e4t und Mortalit\u00e4t sind unvollst\u00e4ndig und brechen im August ab: RGADA fond 263 opis\u2032 1 \/ c\u0306. 2 delo 1710; A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) 50f."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_2","unstructured":"Vgl. Beispielsweise die Beschl\u00fcsse des Medizinischen Rats vom 18. 3.1771 und Oktober 1771 in A. F. S\u0306afonskij (wie Anm. 15) Priloz\u0306ennija 227\u2013229 430\u2013435."}],"container-title":["Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbewi.200601163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bewi.200601163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T04:52:36Z","timestamp":1700023956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bewi.200601163"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,29]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bewi.200601163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bewi.200601163","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0170-6233","1522-2365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0170-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-2365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2006-09-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}