{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T11:04:50Z","timestamp":1787742290877,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ber Wissenschaftsgesch"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study explores materiality and material cultures of human placenta in Ming China (1368\u20131644), for it perfectly displays Chinese ambiguous attitudes towards the human body parts between living and non\u2010living. For a long time, the Chinese had widely applied human body parts in medical treatments and ritual healings. Numerous evidences in relation to their collection, production, efficacy and application are widely recorded in medical works, in particular those found in <jats:italic>materia medica<\/jats:italic>. In the sixteenth century, the <jats:italic>Bencao gangmu<\/jats:italic> (Systemic Materia Medica, 1596) illustrates thirty\u2010five \u201chuman body drugs.\u201d Of those, the placenta was believed effective for curing illnesses, nourishing the body and prolonging life. The questions to be answered include: how is the placenta perceived in medical and religious discourses? What is its \u201cmateriality\u201d and \u201cefficacy\u201d when it becomes a drug? What ethical issues and moral concerns are involved with eating the placenta? Last but not least, how was the placenta ritually buried after childbirth in premodern China? In so doing, this essay aims to provide a better understanding of the placenta situated in both material and cosmological worlds. It helps us rethink the multiple relations of human body part to part, part to whole, and body to body.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bewi.202400002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,2]],"date-time":"2024-11-02T06:49:38Z","timestamp":1730530178000},"page":"382-395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Between Living and Non\u2010living: Materiality of the Placenta\u00a0in Ming China**"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1400-4996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsiu\u2010fen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of History National Chengchi University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_1","unstructured":"Anon. 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