{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:43:20Z","timestamp":1760132600297,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioEssays"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) is the subject of many hypotheses. One of them, proposed by Segreto and Deigin, assumes artificial chimeric construction of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 from a backbone of RaTG13\u2010like CoV and receptor binding domain (RBD) of a pangolin MP789\u2010like CoV, followed by serial cell or animal passage. Here we show that this hypothesis relies on incorrect or weak assumptions, and does not agree with the results of comparative genomics analysis. The genetic divergence between SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and both its proposed ancestors is too high to have accumulated in a lab, given the timeframe of several years. Furthermore, comparative analysis of S\u2010protein gene sequences suggests that the RBD of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 probably represents an ancestral non\u2010recombinant variant. These and other arguments significantly weaken the hypothesis of a laboratory origin for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, while the hypothesis of a natural origin is consistent with all available genetic and experimental data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.202000325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T07:20:09Z","timestamp":1615360809000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["There is no evidence of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 laboratory origin: Response to Segreto and Deigin (DOI: 10.1002\/bies.202000240)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Alexander","family":"Tyshkovskiy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Belozersky Institute of Physico\u2010Chemical Biology Moscow State University  Moscow Russia"},{"name":"Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3422-6564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Y.","family":"Panchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sector of molecular evolution Institute for Information Transmission Problems Russian Academy of Sciences  Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"2000240","article-title":"The genetic structure of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 does not rule out a laboratory origin","author":"Segreto R.","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioEssays"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0771-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00201-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.9648"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.17.9073-9083.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v11110979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2021.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006698"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkg526"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(97)01468-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.9716"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aap7463"}],"container-title":["BioEssays"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bies.202000325","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bies.202000325","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bies.202000325","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T13:35:43Z","timestamp":1693575343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bies.202000325"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bies.202000325"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bies.202000325","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0265-9247","1521-1878"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0265-9247"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1521-1878"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"2000325"}}