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The polyQ gliadin fragment binds to the CXCR3 chemokine receptor that activates zonulin upregulation, leading to increased intestinal permeability in humans. Here, we report a general hypothesis based on the structural connection between the polyQ sequence of the immunogenic CeD protein, gliadin, and enteric coccidian parasites proteins. Firstly, a novel interaction pathway between the parasites and the host is described based on the structural similarities between polyQ gliadin fragments and the parasite proteins. Secondly, a potential connection between coccidial infections as a novel environmental trigger of CeD is hypothesized. Therefore, this report represents a promising breakthrough for coccidian research and points out the potential role of coccidian parasites as a novel trigger of CeD that might define a preventive strategy for gluten\u2010related disorders in general. Also see the video abstract here:\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/oMaQasStcFI\">https:\/\/youtu.be\/oMaQasStcFI<\/jats:ext-link>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.202100101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,27]],"date-time":"2021-10-27T10:42:44Z","timestamp":1635331364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["From celiac disease to coccidia infection and vice\u2010versa: The polyQ peptide CXCR3\u2010interaction axis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Lauxmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biochemistry Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane  Germany"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology Campus Clinic Brandenburg Brandenburg Medical School (MHB) Theodor Fontane  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego S.","family":"Vazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Biolog\u00eda Estructural y Biotecnolog\u00eda (GBEyB\u2010IMBICE) Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda Universidad Nacional de Quilmes  Bernal Buenos Aires Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET)  Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna M.","family":"Schilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Organic Chemistry OCIII Universit\u00e4t Bielefeld Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 25  Bielefeld Germany"},{"name":"Genetics and Genomics of Plants Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) &amp; Faculty of Biology  Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 25 Bielefeld 33615 Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia R.","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Organic Chemistry OCIII Universit\u00e4t Bielefeld Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 25  Bielefeld Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen M.","family":"Lammers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tubascan Ltd.  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