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Their complexity and diversity has long been recognized, yet very little is known about the molecules and regulatory mechanisms that mediate the heterogeneity of different endothelial cell populations. The constitutive organ\u2010 and microenvironment\u2010specific phenotype of endothelial cells controls internal body compartmentation, regulating the trafficking of circulating cells to distinct vascular beds. In contrast, surface molecules associated with the activated cytokine\u2010inducible endothelial phenotype play a critical role in pathological conditions including inflammation, tumor angiogenesis, and wound healing. Differentiation of the endothelial cell phenotypes appears to follow similar mechanisms to the differentiation of hematopoietic cells, with the exception that endothelial cells maintain transdifferentiating competence. The present review offers a scheme of endothelial cell differentially expressed endothelial cell molecules as targets for directed therapeutic intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950161208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,25]],"date-time":"2005-02-25T10:16:10Z","timestamp":1109326570000},"page":"901-906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":219,"title":["Differentiation of endothelial cells: Analysis of the constitutive and activated endothelial cell phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hellmut G.","family":"Augustin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Detlef H.","family":"Kozian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(87)80005-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/92.2.241"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.179.1.2006310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90337-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"30","article-title":"Endothelium: a distributed organ of diverse capabilities","volume":"415","author":"Fishman A. 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