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Here, we discuss response misclassification in studies on the special class of <jats:italic>bilateral<\/jats:italic> diseases. Such diseases can affect neither, one, or both entities of a paired organ, for example, the eyes or ears. If measurements are available on both organ entities, disease occurrence in a person is often defined as disease occurrence in at least one entity. In this setting, there are two reasons for response misclassification: (a)\u00a0ignorance of missing disease assessment in one of the two entities and (b)\u00a0error\u2010prone disease assessment in the single entities. We investigate the consequences of ignoring both types of response misclassification and present an approach to adjust the bias from misclassification by optimizing an adequate likelihood function. The inherent modelling assumptions and problems in case of entity\u2010specific misclassification are discussed. This work was motivated by studies on age\u2010related macular degeneration\u00a0(AMD), a disease that can occur separately in each eye of a person. We illustrate and discuss the proposed analysis approach based on real\u2010world data of a study on AMD and simulated\u00a0data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.201900039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T07:47:09Z","timestamp":1557820029000},"page":"1033-1048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Response misclassification in studies on bilateral diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6582-1174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix","family":"G\u00fcnther","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab Department of Statistics LMU Munich M\u00fcnchen Germany"},{"name":"Department of Genetic Epidemiology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Brandl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic Epidemiology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iris M.","family":"Heid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic Epidemiology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"K\u00fcchenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistical Consulting Unit StaBLab Department of Statistics LMU Munich M\u00fcnchen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471249688"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26629-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420010138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.02.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2013.867512"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60282-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3182117c85"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/86.4.843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"R Core Team(2018).R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 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