{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T20:40:58Z","timestamp":1759956058908,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Luminescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Organic light\u2010emitting diodes (OLED) are gaining attention and making a significant contribution to the area of lighting and displays technology. The synthesis of new materials that can act as a host as well as emissive materials is crucial and efforts have been made in this direction in this research. Here, four star\u2010shaped fluorophores, with a donor\u2013acceptor (D\u2013A) structure and with triphenylamine and phenanthroimidazole groups with different substitutions at the N<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> position of the imidazole moiety, were designed and synthesized. Synthesized fluorophores showed sufficient thermal stability (10% T<jats:sub>d<\/jats:sub> in the range 230\u2013280\u00b0C). Ultraviolet\u2013visible (UV\u2013vis) spectra of the fluorophores showed multiple absorption bands (bands in the UV region, due to \u03c0\u2013\u03c0* transitions of the conjugated aromatic portion) and all fluorophores showed blue emission in dichloromethane solution. Electrochemical analysis indicated that all fluorophores had excellent oxidation and reduction characteristics. Theoretical calculations were also performed to better understand the structural and electronic properties of the synthesized fluorophores. All fluorophores had higher triplet (T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) energy (ranging from 2.49\u20132.52 eV) than the widely used green (Ir(ppy)<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> \u20132.4 eV) and red (Ir (piq)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> acac \u2013 2.2 eV) dopant materials. These results indicated that these fluorophores would be useful as host materials for efficient green and red phosphorescent OLEDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bio.3896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T09:52:08Z","timestamp":1591609928000},"page":"1338-1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Phenanthroimidazole\u2010based chromophores for organic light\u2010emitting diodes: synthesis, photophysical, and theoretical study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jairam","family":"Tagare","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Rourkela  Rourkela Odisha India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niraj","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Rourkela  Rourkela Odisha India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kartick","family":"Tarafder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal  India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2104-2627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sivakumar","family":"Vaidyanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Rourkela  Rourkela Odisha India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02498"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/25954"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35001541"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1400076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1568146"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcr.201700035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.200800375"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. 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