{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:23:45Z","timestamp":1791462225196,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Luminescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sm\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010doped antimony\u2013tungsten\u2013phosphate glasses (designated SWNSm) with the composition (40\u2009\u2212\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) Sb\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u201310WO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u201350NaPO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2013xSm\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, and 0.75\u2009mol%) were prepared by the conventional melt\u2010quenching\u2010annealing technique. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X\u2010ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the amorphous nature and excellent thermal stability of the prepared glasses. Both experimental and theoretical elastic parameters, including Young's modulus (\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and Poisson's ratio (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03bd<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), were evaluated to verify that the incorporation of Sm\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions does not compromise the mechanical stiffness of the host glass. The measured density increased with increasing Sm\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    content. Vibrational modes were identified using IR and FTIR spectroscopy. The optical bandgap values for all glass compositions were determined to lie in the range of 2.84\u20132.87\u2009eV, confirming the insulating character of these glasses. Under 402\u2009nm excitation, the down\u2010conversion emission spectra exhibited characteristic transitions:\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    G\n                    <jats:sub>5\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009\u2192\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>5\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (560\u2009nm),\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    G\n                    <jats:sub>5\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009\u2192\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>7\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (596\u2009nm),\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    G\n                    <jats:sub>5\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009\u2192\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>9\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (643\u2009nm), and\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    G\n                    <jats:sub>5\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009\u2192\u2009\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>11\/2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (707\u2009nm). The observed up\u2010conversion luminescence was interpreted in terms of excited\u2010state absorption (ESA), energy transfer (ET), and cross\u2010relaxation (CR) mechanisms. IR analysis revealed that the low phonon energy of the antimony\u2010based glass host\u2014evidenced by the dominant Sb\u2013O\u2013Sb stretching band at 602\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2014results in a reduced multiphonon relaxation rate, thereby facilitating efficient up\u2010conversion processes. With increasing Sm\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    content, the measured fluorescence lifetime decreased from 1.815 to 1.710\u2009ms, which is attributed to the increased concentration of OH\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    groups and the enhanced probability of ET among Sm\n                    <jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ions. The CIE chromaticity coordinates (\n                    <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) fall within the orange\u2013red region, indicating that these glasses are promising candidates for orange\u2010red LED and solid\u2010state laser applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bio.70490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T04:29:26Z","timestamp":1777696166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spectroscopic Properties and Orange\u2010Red Emission of Sm\n                    <sup>3+<\/sup>\n                    \u2010Doped SWN Glasses for LED Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Guesmia","family":"Nesrine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photonic Physics and Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Department of Matter Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences University Mohamed Khider of Biskra  Biskra Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7258-2423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamzaoui","family":"Majda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photonic Physics and Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Department of Matter Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences University Mohamed Khider of Biskra  Biskra Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beghdadi","family":"Lina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photonic Physics and Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Department of Matter Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences University Mohamed Khider of Biskra  Biskra Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rezgui","family":"Sayah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photonic Physics and Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Department of Matter Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences University Mohamed Khider of Biskra  Biskra Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soltani Mohamed","family":"Toufik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Photonic Physics and Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Department of Matter Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences University Mohamed Khider of Biskra  Biskra 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