{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T06:37:27Z","timestamp":1793083047184,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Luminescence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising nanomaterials for addressing the environmental and biological challenges associated with malachite green (MG), a persistent and toxic dye. This review revisits the role of CQDs by integrating advances in rational design, photophysical interaction mechanisms, and multifunctional applications. Emphasis is placed on how precursor engineering, heteroatom doping, and surface functionalization govern CQD performance, while highlighting persistent limitations in reproducibility and structural control. Mechanistic insights into CQD\u2013dye interactions\u2014including F\u00f6rster resonance energy transfer, photoinduced electron transfer, and inner filter effects\u2014are examined to reveal common misinterpretations and methodological gaps. Reported applications in sensing, bioimaging, and toxicity assessment are evaluated with a critical lens, demonstrating that while CQDs offer notable sensitivity and imaging capability, challenges in selectivity, quantitative reliability, and biological specificity remain. Furthermore, the lack of integration between sensing and imaging functionalities underscores a key limitation in current research paradigms. Translational barriers, including scalability, standardization, long\u2010term safety, and regulatory uncertainty, are identified as major obstacles to real\u2010world deployment. This review provides a cohesive perspective aimed at bridging fundamental understanding with application\u2010driven innovation in CQD\u2010based platforms for MG monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bio.70650","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T05:44:34Z","timestamp":1792129474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Revisiting Carbon Quantum Dots for Malachite Green: Mechanistic Insights, Functional Integration, and Translational Barriers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Mohamed Abu","family":"Shuheil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roopashree","family":"R","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences JAIN (Deemed to Be University)  Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irwanjot","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University  Rajpura Punjab India"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry &amp; Biochemistry, Sharda School of Engineering &amp; Sciences Sharda University  Greater Noida India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Aldulaimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Sciences Al\u2010Qasim Green University  Babylon Iraq"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Al\u2010Zahrawi University  Karbala Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha Mohammed","family":"Tawfiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optics Techniques, Health and Medical Techniques College Alnoor University  Mosul Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamal Kishore","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University Institute of Sciences Chandigarh University  Mohali Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasulbek","family":"Eshmetov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Science Mamun University  Khiva Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khusanov","family":"Saidbek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences Termez University of Economics and Service  Termez Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9139-7298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2026.141075"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxres\/tfag021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00986445.2025.2532511"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwpe.2025.109396"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11696-025-04348-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-025-06812-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi17030365"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jfpe.70355"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Carbon Quantum Dots: Fabrication, Application and Future Perspectives","volume":"20","author":"Shukla G.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biomedical Materials & Devices"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202503728"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2026.117531"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5AY01937K"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2026.176586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotochem.2026.117036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/gels12040332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15226514.2025.2559164"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202507129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2026.166281"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Application of Nitrogen\u2010Doped Carbon Quantum Dots (N\u2010CQD) and Organic Dye Extracted From Red Onion Peel in the Fabrication of Dye Sensitised Solar Cells (DSSCS)","volume":"25","author":"Ogo B. 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