{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,26]],"date-time":"2026-07-26T06:01:05Z","timestamp":1785045665849,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Chongqing foundation of Basic Science and Preface Technology Research","award":["cstc2015jcyjBX0079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2015jcyjBX0079"]}]},{"name":"the programs of Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","award":["YJJC201704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YJJC201704"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioFactors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liver fibrosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality with a complicated etiology and notorious complications, but there is a lack of efficacious therapeutics. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has a central role in the course of liver fibrosis, and thus, prevention of the development of EMT may control and even reverse liver fibrosis. This study aimed to examine the beneficial effect of ginsenoside Rg1, a phrenological active component isolated from Ginseng, and interrogate the mechanism <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, with a focus on transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2)\/Smad and Nrf2\u2010mediated signaling pathways. We employed a TGF\u2010\u03b2\u2010induced EMT model in HSC\u2010T6 cells and CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced liver fibrosis in animal. We found that ginsenoside Rg1 significantly reduced cell proliferation and reversed transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2)\u2010induced EMT in HSC\u2010T6 cells; and ginsenoside Rg1 induced cell apoptosis, Ginsenoside Rg1 decreased the cellular level of collagen I and III in HSC\u2010T6 cells, indicating the amelioration of fibrosis. We showed that ginsenoside Rg1 reduced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also observed similar beneficial effects of ginsenoside Rg1 <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. The data showed that ginsenoside Rg1 decreased the level of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and collage type IV (IV\u2010C), hyaluronic acid, and laminin in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)\u2010induced liver fibrotic model. Mechanistically, we showed that ginsenoside Rg1 tuned down the TGF\u2010\u03b2\/Smad and stimulated Nrf\u20102 nuclear translocation, which could explain the beneficial effects. In aggregate, our results demonstrate that ginsenoside Rg1 exhibits a protective effect on liver fibrosis <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> suppressing EMT and cellular ROS level. \u00a9 2018 BioFactors, 44(4):327\u2013335, 2018<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T12:20:12Z","timestamp":1526386812000},"page":"327-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates liver fibrosis <i>via<\/i> suppressing epithelial to mesenchymal transition and reactive oxygen species production <i>in vitro<\/i> and <i>in vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9583-7601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yatang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deaths: final data for 2010","volume":"61","author":"Murphy S. 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