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Dose\u2010dependent effects of leptin on biomarkers of inflammation have not been studied <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>, so far. Leptin\u2010deficient low\u2010density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) knockout (LDLR<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>;<jats:italic>ob\/ob<\/jats:italic>) female mice were treated with three different leptin doses or saline for 12 weeks. The effect of leptin on plasma interleukin (IL)\u20106 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)\u20101 concentrations and <jats:italic>Il\u20106<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mcp\u20101<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> were assessed. Macrophage infiltration in epididymal adipose tissue (epiAT) after leptin treatment was determined by quantitative immunohistochemical analysis. Aortic root atherosclerotic lesions were analyzed by oil red O staining. Mean plasma IL\u20106 and MCP\u20101 decreased significantly in the 3.0 mg\/kg BW\/day group as compared to control mice (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Messenger RNA expression of <jats:italic>Il\u20106<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mcp\u20101<\/jats:italic> was significantly down\u2010regulated by leptin treatment in different adipose tissues <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Characteristic crown\u2010like structures formed by adipose tissue macrophages were significantly reduced by leptin treatment in epiAT. Recombinant leptin dose\u2010dependently diminished plaque area in the aortic root. Leptin administration within the subphysiological to physiological range diminishes circulating pro\u2010inflammatory IL\u20106 and MCP\u20101. Reduction of <jats:italic>Il\u20106<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Mcp\u20101<\/jats:italic> gene expression in adipose tissue, as well as decreased adipose tissue macrophage infiltration might contribute. \u00a9 2018 BioFactors, 45(1):43\u201348, 2019<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T17:10:26Z","timestamp":1543511426000},"page":"43-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Leptin decreases circulating inflammatory IL\u20106 and MCP\u20101 in mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8467-6758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annett","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Ebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Leipzig University Medical Center IFB AdiposityDiseases  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Kl\u00f6ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leipzig University Medical Center IFB AdiposityDiseases  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marlen","family":"Kolb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Gericke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Jeromin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Medicine University of Leipzig, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular  Diagnostics, Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Jessnitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"L\u00f6ssner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leipzig University Medical Center IFB AdiposityDiseases  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Burkhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Laboratory Medicine University of Leipzig, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular  Diagnostics, Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stumvoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Fasshauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Leipzig University Medical Center IFB AdiposityDiseases  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Nutritional Science  Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University, Giessen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Kralisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Leipzig University Medical Center IFB AdiposityDiseases  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/erv.2166"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2003.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200319451"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200319246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"II","article-title":"Inflammation as a cardiovascular risk factor","volume":"109","author":"Willerson J. 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