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Metformin (Met) is a potent antidiabetic and redox modulatory agent that has shown anticancer and protective effects on various organs. Therefore, addition of therapy with natural antioxidative agents or herbal extracts shows defensive impacts against different injuries inside the body. Luteolin (Lut) can be found in several customary Chinese remedies. It has been reported for various pharmacological actions such as antitumor, antioxidative, and anti\u2010inflammatory impacts. Here, the liver injury rat model was established using CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> (1.00\u2009mL\/kg body weight) in vivo. The protective roles of Met and Lut separately or in combination were observed in hepatotoxicity induced by CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>. The result was shown that both Met and Lut, while individually used, were normally active in diminishing CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010caused hepatotoxicity. The combination of two drugs performed synergistically to improve liver damage caused by CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, as shown by the considerably improved liver dysfunction. Met and Lut showed highly antioxidative effects on CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010treated rats moderately by increasing the activities and expression of the antioxidant enzymes. Along with this, a combination of Met and Lut significantly suppressed inflammatory responses, which is evidenced by the reduced level of inflammatory cytokines together with interleukin 1 beta (IL\u20101\u03b2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF\u2010\u03b1), and interleukin 6 (IL\u20106). Additionally, CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010agitated apoptosis was intensely reduced by Met and Lut through reducing cleaved caspase\u20103 and Bax (pro\u2010apoptotic factor) while increasing Bcl\u20102 (antiapoptotic factor) signaling pathways. Cotreatments of Met and Lut upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2\u2010related factor 2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase\u20101 (HO\u20101) expression in the CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010intoxicated rat's liver. The above result recommended that combination of Met and Lut may have a substantial potential and synergizing impact against CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced hepatotoxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T17:04:50Z","timestamp":1563901490000},"page":"598-606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Combination of metformin and luteolin synergistically protects carbon tetrachloride\u2010induced hepatotoxicity: Mechanism involves antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and Nrf2\/HO\u20101 signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7270-5849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Digestive Medicine Hefei Second People's Hospital  Hefei 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