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Long non\u2010coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as regulatory factors for the reproductive process. However, the profiles of lncRNAs and their roles involved in sheep fecundity remains unclear. In this study, we performed RNA\u2010sequencing for the sheep pituitary gland associated with different fecundity, and identified a novel candidate lncRNA LOC105613571 targeting BDNF related to gonadotropin secretion. Our results showed that expression of lncRNA LOC105613571 and BDNF could be significantly upregulated by GnRH stimulation in sheep pituitary cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Notably, either lncRNA LOC105613571 or BDNF silencing inhibited cell proliferation while promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, lncRNA LOC105613571 knockdown could also downregulate gonadotropin secretion via inactivation AKT, ERK and mTOR pathway. In addition, co\u2010treatment with GnRH stimulation and lncRNA LOC105613571 or BDNF knockdown showed the opposite effect on sheep pituitary cells <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. In summary, BDNF\u2010binding lncRNA LOC105613571 in sheep regulates pituitary cell proliferation and gonadotropin secretion via the AKT\/ERK\u2010mTOR pathway, providing new ideas for the molecular mechanisms of pituitary functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T08:48:40Z","timestamp":1689065320000},"page":"58-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A novel lncRNA LOC105613571 binding with BDNF in pituitary promotes gonadotropin secretion by AKT\/ERK\u2010mTOR pathway in sheep associated with prolificacy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6156-485X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Livestock Embryo Engineering Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural 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