{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:40:26Z","timestamp":1792226426898,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":252,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017336","name":"Dipartimenti di Eccellenza","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BioFactors"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High\u2010density lipoprotein (HDL) is a cholesterol transporter that plays a well\u2010defined role in reverse cholesterol transport. In addition, HDL shows anti\u2010inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions mainly due to its ability to decrease the cholesterol content in lipid rafts, thus strongly influencing the membrane fluidity and the right localization\/functionality of membrane\u2010associated proteins (i.e., receptors\/ligands) and their signal transduction pathways. Diverse experimental and clinical studies support the existence of a dynamic and complex relationship between HDL functionality and the gut microbiome (GM), with relevant implications for the pathophysiology of many widespread inflammatory\u2010based diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) and cancer. Host factors (age, genes, dietary and lifestyle habits, medications) or environmental conditions may strongly negatively affect both the HDL system and the GM composition and function, promoting chronic low\u2010grade inflammatory conditions that may exacerbate susceptibility to these human pathologies. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that the HDL\u2010GM relationship may represent a novel therapeutic target to decrease the burden of these inflammatory\u2010based pathologies. This review summarizes current data about the role of HDL and GM in the pathogenesis of CVD, IBD, NDDs and cancer, as well as findings that support the HDL\u2010GM interplay as a crucial factor in the development of these relevant illnesses. Finally, we discuss the shortcomings of this relationship delineating the future directions to address them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.70162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T07:51:07Z","timestamp":1792223467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Hidden Conductor:\n                    <scp>HDL<\/scp>\n                    \u2013Gut Microbiome Interplay in the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory\u2010Based Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7494-722X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anouar","family":"Hafiane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7212-5207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert S.","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5901-2482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elda","family":"Favari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Drug University of Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6797-9343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amedeo","family":"Amedei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5699-0918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cinzia","family":"Parolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences \u201cRodolfo Paoletti\u201d Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano  Milano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112965"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.124.320851"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.044221"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2025.167761"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15217"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23889"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12198"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306807"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102015\u2010311326"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082364"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10112156"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395\u2010023\u201001004\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.301468"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2021.159072"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2015.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M207335200"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2010.155333"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30163"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abe6729"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrep.2023.101445"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557\u2010018\u201006846\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.119.261719"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac605"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1408"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.13\u2010233874"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M203298200"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.2.717"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.12.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2012.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402870"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2784"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12638"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.961193"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118591"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/FBL47174"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2016.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34363"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.327041"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.754490"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH15\u201010\u20100831"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201038069\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.126.327426"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.202451528"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md17060374"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2019.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024251"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000001744"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102012\u2010304119"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102036.2009.04018.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b02404"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.273995"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5236"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3610"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601247"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2018.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588\u2010019\u20100350\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010019\u20100157\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010020\u201000385\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.683068"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11020431"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15930"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1954.34.3.589"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.8.6.737"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1619"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4379"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314050"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2026.120815"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.307025"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12997\/jla.2024.13.3.280"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx163"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx665"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.0912"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114558"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)31163-9","article-title":"A New Synthetic Class A Amphipathic Peptide Analogue Protects Mice From Diet\u2010Induced Atherosclerosis","volume":"42","author":"Garber D. W.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Lipid Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.15.jpc70004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2024.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117412"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2019.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.09.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.300738"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000317"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2400969"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883\u2010022\u201001025\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13102428"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db15\u20101668"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.124.320110"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010008\u20100975\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00020.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.124.318260"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478\u20103231.2012.02855.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2010.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.atv.19.2.378"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.027898"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557\u2010020\u201007017\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010021\u201003392\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268\u2010017\u20104389\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114513000639"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2021.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1250684"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2016.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab644"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09922"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuaa111"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.11.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564\u2010021\u201001010\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201019589\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2023.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.124.322346"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010025\u201001097\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay3164"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15774"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102017\u2010315866"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2011.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(15)00465\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010019\u20101237\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.186"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.864762"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22969"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010023\u201000854\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.060228"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2018.01.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2010.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476\u20105381.2011.01429.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2014.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382\u2010200404000\u201000009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M042051"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI123700"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010160"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13556"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201828"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092\u20108674(93)80067\u2010o"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.61.4.389"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016\u20105085(03)00289\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.123166"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI72189"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3760"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102019\u2010319706"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35079107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.549"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12726"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi010733b"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300413","article-title":"Effect of Oligofructose\u2010Enriched Inulin (OF\u2010IN) on Bacterial Composition and Disease Activity of Patients With Crohn's Disease: Results From a Double\u2010Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"61","author":"Joossens M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533615586598"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010017\u201013601\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020481"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380\u2010022\u201001511\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00145"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md22110523"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md220100017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md23110446"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064\u2010009\u20100087\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2301030120"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20191660"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109\u2010009\u20100449\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010020\u201019473\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024777"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109977200"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M600437\u2010JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423\u2010023\u201001011\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.12.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024\u2010024\u201000778\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207876"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.13734"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2023.100963"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000604"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9121224"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2021.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111591"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2023.113826"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbior.2026.101158"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2015.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2017.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468\u20101253(22)00241\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201040872\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201034667\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531\u2010021\u201000156\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010025\u201063473\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.12.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11319"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.06.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1102999108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114510004319"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.02.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213\u2010014\u20103810\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35278"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116188"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11102639"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2018.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2017.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_207_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.613511"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11081097"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8060853"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867330666230210112700"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262\u2010023\u201003398\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055\u20109965.EPI\u201008\u20101248"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.124321"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045\u2010020\u201000963\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41391\u2010017\u20100030\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010018\u201006467\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33206"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.695"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_220_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2017.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_221_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2025.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvv104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00265"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_224_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.468967"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_225_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.154"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_226_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201026755\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_227_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.112.191544"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_228_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c0ib00147c"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_229_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36387"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_230_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23845"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_231_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_232_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan4236"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_233_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2018.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_234_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad1329.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_235_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan3706"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_236_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_237_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2025.113011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_238_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2022.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_239_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_240_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2013.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_241_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_242_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.573158"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_243_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238\u2010023\u201001165\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_244_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu264"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_245_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_246_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI75436"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_247_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adc9317"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_248_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2020.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_249_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531\u2010025\u201000894\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_250_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210\u2010025\u201004848\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_251_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478\u2010025\u201002047\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_252_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2025.1075"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_253_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556\u2010025\u201000364\u20106"}],"container-title":["BioFactors"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/biof.70162","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/biof.70162","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/biof.70162","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T07:51:10Z","timestamp":1792223470000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/iubmb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/biof.70162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":252,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/biof.70162"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/biof.70162","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-6433","1872-8081"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-6433","type":"print"},{"value":"1872-8081","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70162"}}