{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:15:05Z","timestamp":1788174905622,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005668","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa do Distrito Federal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biotechnology Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Engineering broad\u2010spectrum disease resistance remains a major challenge in crop improvement because most resistance genes are effective against a limited range of pathogens. Pathogenesis\u2010related (PR) proteins, particularly endochitinases, are promising targets for enhancing plant immunity due to their antimicrobial activity and ability to activate defense responses. Here, we generated transgenic tomato (\n                    <jats:italic>Solanum lycopersicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    L.) plants overexpressing an endochitinase gene to assess their potential for enhanced resistance against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Three independent overexpression lines and the wild type were evaluated for transgene expression, chitinase activity, defense\u2010related gene expression, and resistance after inoculation with\n                    <jats:italic>Xanthomonas euvesicatoria<\/jats:italic>\n                    pv.\n                    <jats:italic>perforans<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Xep) and\n                    <jats:italic>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The transgene was strongly expressed in all transgenic lines, whereas chitinase activity increased by up to fivefold compared with the wild type. Endochitinase overexpression activated defense responses, with marked induction of\n                    <jats:italic>PR1<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression, reaching a maximum increase of over 480\u2010fold, and enhanced expression of defense\u2010associated genes, including\n                    <jats:italic>SlACS<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>SlACO<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Compared with the wild type, the most responsive transgenic lines showed reductions of up to 79.7% in bacterial spot severity and 85.6% in white mold severity. These findings demonstrate that endochitinase overexpression activates defense signaling and improves broad\u2010spectrum resistance, representing a promising strategy for developing disease\u2010resistant tomato cultivars.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.70297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T07:05:07Z","timestamp":1787209507000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Endochitinase Overexpression in Transgenic Tomato Plants Improves Resistance to Phytopathogens"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4747-1999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Jos\u00e9 de","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento De Fitopatologia Universidade De Bras\u00edlia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8472-1811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Carolina Mendes","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivonaldo Reis","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Clara Muniz Martins","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osmundo Brilhante de","family":"Oliveira Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6799-4706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glaucia Barbosa","family":"Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2334-2065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice Maria","family":"Quezado\u2010Duval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Hortali\u00e7as  Gama Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6654-0646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Ricardo Vieira","family":"Hamann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento De Biologia Celular Universidade De Bras\u00edlia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliane Ferreira","family":"Noronha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento De Biologia Celular Universidade De Bras\u00edlia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3968-6615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Eduardo Bassay","family":"Blum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento De Fitopatologia Universidade De Bras\u00edlia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5348-5123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Embrapa Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos e Biotecnologia  Bras\u00edlia Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.12543"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.01805"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Compendium of Tomato Diseases and Pests","author":"Jones J. 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