{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T06:14:37Z","timestamp":1788502477386,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008982","name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CBET\u20101605351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CBET\u20101605351"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biopolymers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>miRNA is a promising class of biomarkers whose levels can be assayed to detect various forms of cancer and other serious diseases. These short, noncoding nucleic acids are difficult to detect due to their low abundance and the marginal stability of their duplexes with DNA probes. In addition, miRNAs within the same family have high sequence homology, and often, related miRNA differ in sequence by only a single base. In this report, we demonstrate an independent detection seven members of the <jats:italic>let\u20107<\/jats:italic> family of miRNA in a single run. Key to success is the use of mini\u2010PEG\u2010substituted PNA amphiphiles (\u03b3PNAA) and highly fluorescent DNA nanotags in micelle tagging electrophoresis (MTE). Multiplexed detection is accomplished in capillary electrophoresis (CE) using oligomeric nanotags of pre\u2010programmed lengths where the presence of a specific miRNA links its nanotag to a micelle drag\u2010tag, which shifts the nanotag elution time to a defined region for detection. We further demonstrate that the peak shape and elution time are unaffected by the presence of up to 10\u00a0mg\/ml of serum protein in the sample, with a total runtime of less than 4\u00a0min and a LOD of 10\u2013100\u2009pM. We discuss efforts to substantially decrease the detection limit using nanotags that are &gt;1000\u2009bp in length.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bip.23479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T07:52:36Z","timestamp":1634457156000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Rapid, multiplexed detection of the <i>let\u20107<\/i><scp>miRNA<\/scp> family using <scp>\u03b3PNA<\/scp> amphiphiles in micelle\u2010tagging electrophoresis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Johnathan M.","family":"Goldman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Narburgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce A.","family":"Armitage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8016-8687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James W.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2008-14103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.247452"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1840"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.108.183426"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkj112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm952"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq1027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0600587103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-1783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2010.10.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510565103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1064921"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.528"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gni178"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2007.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-008-2570-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403293101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.7179508"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2012.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.1754109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.1947110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005540"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-009-2744-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08626"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac102131s"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","first-page":"8461","volume":"48","author":"Yang H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. Ethnol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2008.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c3an01677c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr1016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nass\/nrn036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac103225c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b903542g"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth825"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-535-4_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2008.06.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac401185g"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac504406s"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","first-page":"10335","volume":"50","author":"Wegman D. W.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. Ethnol."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bm400388a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac7016376"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200410219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200700580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jo200482d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C2AN36296A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac402812f"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2012.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2010.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn800727x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1997.2177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/26.21.5004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.17.7595"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4347(94)00207-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/MB:26:2:133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","volume-title":"Chemical Engineering","author":"Selivanova O.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5b02931"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compchemeng.2014.01.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","volume-title":"Chemical Engineering","author":"Goldman J. M.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","volume-title":"Chemical Engineering","author":"Istivan S. B.","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Biopolymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bip.23479","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bip.23479","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bip.23479","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T12:37:02Z","timestamp":1693139822000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bip.23479"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bip.23479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bip.23479","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3525","1097-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3525","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0282","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e23479"}}