{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T14:17:26Z","timestamp":1784125046341,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3220462"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3220462"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biopolymers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Incorporating ferulic acid (FA) into a polymeric hydrogel impairs its bioactive properties. The synthesis used in this study involved radical\u2010mediated surface grafting of nanocellulose for 24\u2009h, using 2,2,6,6\u2010tetramethylpiperidine\u20101\u2010oxyl (TEMPO) to oxidize cellulose nanofibers (oCNF) and phosphorylated cellulose nanofibers (pCNF), resulting in total polyphenol contents of 30.6 and 6.3\u2009mg\/g, respectively. Spectroscopic analyses of oCNF included solid\u2010state high\u2010power decoupling with magic\u2010angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    C HPDEC\/MAS NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X\u2010ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirming that FA was successfully grafted onto the backbone through ester linkages on the nanofibril surface. Rheology testing and morphological analysis via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) further supported these findings. TEM imaging revealed that the grafting process preserved the nanoscale morphology, yielding fibrils with an average diameter of approximately 28.2\u2009\u00b1\u20099.3\u2009nm. Key aspects affecting FA grafting include the colloidal stability of the CNF suspension, evaluated by zeta potential, and surface activation via oxidation. In this study, FA was grafted onto oCNF through a radical\u2010induced reaction to enhance their functional performance, enabling the development of functional and sustainable hydrogels with high antioxidant capacity (85.62%\u2009\u00b1\u20091.65%).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bip.70111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:24:51Z","timestamp":1779341091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phenolic Grafting of Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibers Using Ferulic Acid: Structural and Antioxidant Analysis Toward Bioactive Nanomaterials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1131-5898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mayra A.","family":"Mari\u00f1o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n  Concepci\u00f3n Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Sillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesid Javier","family":"Rueda\u2010Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Ingenier\u00eda Mec\u00e1nica, Universidad Industrial de Santander  Bucaramanga Santander Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Dufresne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel A.","family":"Palacio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobased and Bioinspired Biomaterials Research Group and Laboratory of Functional Polymers and Environment, Departamento de Pol\u00edmeros, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n  Concepci\u00f3n Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Casta\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n  Concepci\u00f3n 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