{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T11:05:33Z","timestamp":1789470333927,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001503","name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ag. Ed.\/27\/05\/NP\/2023\/HRD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ag. Ed.\/27\/05\/NP\/2023\/HRD"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biopolymers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are emerging as valuable candidates in biomedical research, offering advantages such as cost\u2010effectiveness, eco\u2010friendly preparation methods, and superior biocompatibility. Owing to the challenges in the treatment of chronic skin injury, this study utilizes biogenic AgNPs (synthesized using Shilajit as a reducing and stabilizing agent) to develop gel and spray formulations (constituting fish collagen and\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010lysine) for wound\u2010healing applications. FTIR analysis indicated the involvement of functional groups from the Shilajit extract in synthesizing crystalline spherical AgNPs of 140\u2013160\u2009nm diameter. EDAX analysis reported 0.6% (by weight) silver in both formulations, with major elemental peaks for nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen, indicating the presence of polysaccharides. The MTT assay on HDFa cells confirmed that both preparations were nontoxic, as validated by FDA staining, which signified intact cell morphology. In\u00a0vivo findings demonstrated that ShilAgNPs\u2010Fcol\u2010Lys formulations promote rapid wound closure, effective extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, advanced neovascularization, and improved tissue remodeling compared with controls and standard treatments. Well\u2010organized collagen deposition and efficient remodeling were confirmed by histology and immunohistochemistry, with the spray formulation performing better than the gel. Thus, ShilAgNPs\u2010Fcol\u2010Lys formulations offer a biocompatible, safe, and cost\u2010effective alternative for treating deep excisional wounds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bip.70123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:35:55Z","timestamp":1788953755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles\u2010Loaded Collagen\u2013L\u2010Lysine Matrices in Gel and Spray Formulations for Improved Skin\u00a0Wound Repair"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5865-0863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruma","family":"Devi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery &amp; Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8462-4851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pratik","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery &amp; Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9953-8961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Purnendu","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery &amp; Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0167-8352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudipta","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Bioscience and Engineering Jadavpur University  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5937-7502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tathagata","family":"Adhikary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Bioscience and Engineering Jadavpur University  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5418-1108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satyabrata Nigamananda","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology\u2010Kharagpur  Kharagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sovan Lal","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery &amp; Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4647-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samiran","family":"Mondal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9245-0014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piyali","family":"Basak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Bioscience and Engineering Jadavpur University  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1490-9624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mangal","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology\u2010Kharagpur  Kharagpur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6487-4546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samit Kumar","family":"Nandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery &amp; Radiology West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life11070665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100041\u20101731791"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2020.1730296"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00715-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2024.115217"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232315376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222011272"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-23853-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27175587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano11082130"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311\u2010023\u201001682\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md20010061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9437878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.polymer.2020.123155"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"Efficacy of 15% Lysine Cream in Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Randomized Interventional Study","volume":"15","author":"Shashikumara S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40204\u2010021\u201000166\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md22020060"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/jpps.2025.13831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D5TB00323G"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","volume-title":"NIST\u2014NCL Joint Assay Protocol, PCC\u20107: Measuring the Size of Nanoparticles Using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)","author":"Bonevich J. E.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S17669"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Physico\u2010Chemical, Spectral and Thermal Characterization of Shilajit, a Humic Substance With Medicinal Properties","volume":"20","author":"Agarwal S. P.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jciso.2024.100125"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52217-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408347.2023.2293963"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/JSC090316006A"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2650050505"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0217469"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30030684"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2019.02.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2013.10.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cryst12050603"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13005\/bpj\/2915"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33640\/2405-609X.1807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.463-464.734"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2013.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00449\u2010013\u20100994\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15020427"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano14181527"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.129324"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e42177"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274\u2010025\u201004368\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb11040084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2025.06.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/1061186X.2015.1095922"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engreg.2024.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42250\u2010025\u201001359\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14872"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43088\u2010022\u201000284\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jddst.2023.104429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35264"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering8050063"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970\u20100358.138952"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2023.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c01098"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15020479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/abef7a"}],"container-title":["Biopolymers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bip.70123","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/bip.70123","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bip.70123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:34:19Z","timestamp":1789468459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bip.70123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bip.70123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bip.70123","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3525","1097-0282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3525","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0282","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70123"}}