{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T07:56:44Z","timestamp":1791187004565,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,26]],"date-time":"2007-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1174867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biotech &amp; Bioengineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Utilization of ethanol produced from biomass has the potential to offset the use of gasoline and reduce CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> emissions. This could reduce the effects of global warming, one of which is the current outbreak of epidemic proportions of the mountain pine beetle (MPB) in British Columbia (BC), Canada. The result of this is increasing volumes of dead lodgepole pine with increasingly limited commercial uses. Bioconversion of lodgepole pine to ethanol using SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010catalyzed steam explosion was investigated. The optimum pretreatment condition for this feedstock was determined to be 200\u00b0C, 5 min, and 4% SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (w\/w). Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of this material provided an overall ethanol yield of 77% of the theoretical yield from raw material based on starting glucan, mannan, and galactan, which corresponds to 244 g ethanol\/kg raw material within 30 h. Three conditions representing low (L), medium (M), and high (H) severity were also applied to healthy lodgepole pine. Although the M severity conditions of 200\u00b0C, 5 min, and 4% SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> were sufficiently robust to pretreat healthy wood, the substrate produced from beetle\u2010killed (BK) wood provided consistently higher ethanol yields after SSF than the other substrates tested. BK lodgepole pine appears to be an excellent candidate for efficient and productive bioconversion to ethanol. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;98: 737\u2013746. \u00a9 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.21436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,26]],"date-time":"2007-03-26T19:51:41Z","timestamp":1174938701000},"page":"737-746","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["Acid\u2010catalyzed steam pretreatment of lodgepole pine and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation to ethanol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Shannon M.","family":"Ewanick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Bura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John N.","family":"Saddler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"BC Ministry of Forests.2003.Timber supply and the mountain pine beetle infestation in British Columbia."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"158","volume-title":"Interior Appraisal Manual","author":"BC Ministry of Forests","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"BC Ministry of Forests.2005.British Columbia's Mountain Pine Beetle Action Plan 2005\u20132010http:\/\/www.for.gov.bc.ca\/hfp\/mountain_pine_ beetle\/actionplan\/2005\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:84-86:1-9:69"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0290(19990805)64:3<284::AID-BIT4>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:84-86:1-9:693"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260280604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:98-100:1-9:59"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"ByrneA StonestreetC PeterB.2005.Current knowledge of characteristics and utilization of post\u2010mountain pine beetle wood in solid wood products. Working Paper 2005\u20138."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"CarrollAL TaylorSW R\u00e9gni\u00e8reJ SafranyikL.2003.Effects of climate change on range expansion by the mountain pine beetle in British Columbia. Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium: Challenges and Solutions223\u2013232."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02825962"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02773818708085275"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00350274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-8524(95)00183-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-74065-7_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/HF.2001.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"An interlaboratory comparison of the performance of ethanol\u2010 producing micro\u2010organisms in a xylose\u2010rich acid hydroysate","volume":"41","author":"Hahn\u2010H\u00e4gerdal BH","year":"1994","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260360310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10295-004-0145-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.20838"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/x04-178"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-004-1642-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"925","volume-title":"Lodgepole Pine in North America","author":"Koch P","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:121:1-3:0219"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"LieuPJ KelseyRG ShafizadehF.1979.Some chemical characteristics of green and dead lodgepole pine and western white pine. USDA Forest Service research note INT\u2010256."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:84-86:1-9:561"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.1987.0029"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.20453"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00365299"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"RobinsonJ.2003.Pretreatment and fermentation of Douglas\u2010fir whitewood and bark feedstocks for ethanol production. University of British Columbia PhD Thesis."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2005.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/m82-196"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Enzymatic\u2010hydrolysis of various pretreated lignocellulosic substrates and the fermentation of the liberated sugars to ethanol and butanediol","author":"Saddler JN","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:105:1-3:127"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4660(199804)71:4<299::AID-JCTB858>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0290(20000420)68:2<204::AID-BIT9>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-0229(99)00127-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02920119"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bp000145"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0141-0229(01)00342-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","unstructured":"ThomasPR.1985.Infestation of pine and spruce bark beetles in British Columbia and its effect on kraft and mechanical pulping. In: Nielson RW editor. Harvesting and processing of beetle\u2010killed timber. Proceedings of a Seminar 10 May 1985 Prince George BC Canada. Vancouver: Forintek Canada Corp. Western Division."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","unstructured":"WestfallJ.2004.2004 Summary of forest health conditions in British Columbia."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:122:1-3:0485"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.260310509"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/ABAB:77:1-3:47"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.10159"}],"container-title":["Biotechnology and Bioengineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbit.21436","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/bit.21436","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T19:00:21Z","timestamp":1760036421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/bit.21436"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,26]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/bit.21436"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bit.21436","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3592","1097-0290"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3592","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0290","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,26]]}}}