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To overcome contact\u2010dependent limitations of such delivery methodologies, an atmospheric helium plasma source was developed to deposit plasma products onto localized treatment sites. Experiments performed in murine skin showed that samples injected with plasmid DNA encoding luciferase and treated with plasma demonstrated increased levels of expression relative to skin samples that received injections of DNA alone. Increased response relative to injection alone was observed when either positive or negative voltage was used to generate the helium plasma. Quantitative results over a 26\u2010day follow\u2010up period showed that luciferase levels as high as 19\u2010fold greater than the levels obtained by DNA injection alone could be achieved. These findings indicate that plasmas may compete with other physical delivery methodologies when skin is the target tissue. Biotechnol. 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