{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T16:33:58Z","timestamp":1761323638971,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,21]],"date-time":"2009-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biotech &amp; Bioengineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the trajectory of a large solid cylindrical disc suspended within a fluid\u2010filled rotating cylindrical vessel. The experimental set\u2010up is relevant to tissue\u2010engineering applications where a disc\u2010shaped porous scaffold is seeded with cells to be cultured, placed within a bioreactor filled with nutrient\u2010rich culture medium, which is then rotated in a vertical plane to keep the growing tissue construct suspended in a state of \u201cfree fall.\u201d The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions based on the model of Cummings and Waters (2007), who showed that the suspended disc executes a periodic motion. For anticlockwise vessel rotation three regimes were identified: (i) disc remains suspended at a fixed position on the right\u2010hand side of the bioreactor; (ii) disc executes a periodic oscillatory motion on the right\u2010hand side of the bioreactor; and (iii) disc orbits the bioreactor. All three regimes are captured experimentally, and good agreement between theory and experiment is obtained. For the tissue engineering application, computation of the fluid dynamics allows the nutrient concentration field surrounding a tissue construct (a property that cannot be measured experimentally) to be determined (Cummings and Waters, 2007). The implications for experimental cell\u2010culture protocols are discussed. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 1224\u20131234. \u00a9 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,21]],"date-time":"2009-08-21T18:09:05Z","timestamp":1250878145000},"page":"1224-1234","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Tracking large solid constructs suspended in a rotating bioreactor: A combined experimental and theoretical study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"L.J.","family":"Cummings","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.B.E.","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.P.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.R.A.J.","family":"Rose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.L.","family":"Waters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/424870a"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1644149"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112008000438"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"6260","article-title":"Experiments 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