{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:33:31Z","timestamp":1790775211991,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,28]],"date-time":"2009-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1261958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biotech &amp;amp; Bioengineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>CHO cells express glycoproteins containing both the <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and minor amounts of the <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) forms of sialic acid. As Neu5Gc is not expressed in humans and can be recognized as a foreign epitope, there is the potential for immunogenicity issues for glycoprotein therapeutics. During process development of a glycosylated fusion protein expressed by CHO cells, a number of culture conditions were identified that affected the Neu5Gc content of the recombinant glycoprotein. Sodium butyrate (SB), a well\u2010known additive reported to enhance recombinant protein productivity in specific cases, minimally affected product titers here, but did decrease Neu5Gc levels by 50\u201362%. A shift in culture temperature to a lower value after the exponential growth phase was used to extend the culture period. It was found that the Neu5Gc levels were 59% lower when the temperature shift occurred later near the stationary phase of the culture compared to an early\u2010temperature shift, near the end of the exponential growth phase. Studies on the effects of pCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> with this product showed that the Neu5Gc levels were 46% lower at high pCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> conditions (140\u2009mmHg) compared to moderate pCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> levels (20\u201380\u2009mmHg). Finally, a comparison of sodium carbonate versus sodium hydroxide as the base used for pH control resulted in a reproducible 33% decrease in Neu5Gc in bioreactors using sodium hydroxide. These results are of practical importance as SB is a commonly tested additive, and the other factors affecting Neu5Gc can conveniently be used to reduce or control Neu5Gc in processes for the manufacture of glycoprotein therapeutics. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;105: 1048\u20131057. \u00a9 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,28]],"date-time":"2009-12-28T10:59:43Z","timestamp":1261997983000},"page":"1048-1057","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Effects of culture conditions on <i>N<\/i>\u2010glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) content of a recombinant fusion protein produced in CHO cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Borys","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nimish G.","family":"Dalal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas R.","family":"Abu\u2010Absi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarwat F.","family":"Khattak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zizhuo","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.1051"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-005-4537-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4165(03)00137-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00762396"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa074943"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.21539"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.10176"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"EtcheverryT RyllT.1998.Mammalian cell culture process. 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