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An effective reduction of long\u2010lasting plastics requires a treatment with micro\u2010organisms that release polymer\u2010degrading enzymes. Polymer binding peptides function as adhesion promoters and enable a targeted binding of whole cells to polymer surfaces. An esterase A\u2010based <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> cell surface display screening system was developed, that enabled directed evolution of polymer binding peptides for improved binding strength to polymers. The <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> cell surface screening system facilitates an enrichment of improved binding peptides from a culture broth through immobilization of whole cells on polymer beads. The polypropylene (PP)\u2010binding peptide liquid chromatography peak I (LCI) was simultaneously saturated at five positions (Y29, D31, G35, E42, and D45; 3.2 million variants) and screened for improved PP\u2010binding in the presence of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (LAS; 0.25\u2009mM). The cell surface system enabled efficient screening of the generated LCI diversity (in total ~10 million clones were screened). Characterization of identified LCI binders revealed an up to 12\u2010fold improvement (eGFP\u2010LCI\u2010CSD\u20103: E42V\/D45H) in PP\u2010binding strength in the presence of the surfactant LAS (0.125\u2009mM). The latter represents a first whole cell display screening system to improve adhesion peptides which can be used to direct and to immobilize organisms specifically to polymer surfaces (e.g., PP) and novel applications (e.g., in targeted plastic degradation).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.26990","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,14]],"date-time":"2019-04-14T23:31:26Z","timestamp":1555284686000},"page":"1856-1867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Ultrahigh\u2010throughput screening system for directed polymer binding peptide evolution"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Lina","family":"Apitius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DWI \u2013 Leibniz\u2010Institute for Interactive Materials Aachen Germany"},{"name":"RWTH Aachen University Aachen 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