{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:59:49Z","timestamp":1791845989407,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biotech &amp;amp; Bioengineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vaccines provide effective protection against many infectious diseases as well as therapeutics for select pathologies, such as cancer. Many viral vaccines require amplification of virus in cell cultures during manufacture. Traditionally, cell cultures, such as VERO, have been used for virus production in bovine serum\u2010containing culture media. However, due to concerns of potential adventitious agents present in fetal bovine serum (FBS), regulatory agencies suggest avoiding the use of bovine serum in vaccine production. Current serum\u2010free media suitable for VERO\u2010based virus production contains high concentrations of undefined plant hydrolysates. Although these media have been extensively used, the lack of chemical definition has the potential to adversely affect cell growth kinetics and subsequent virus production. As plant hydrolysates are made from plant raw materials, performance variations could be significant among different lots of production. We developed a chemically defined, serum\u2010free medium, OptiVERO, which was optimized specifically for VERO cells. VERO cell growth kinetics were demonstrated to be equivalent to EMEM\u201010% FBS in this chemically defined medium while the plant hydrolysate\u2010containing medium demonstrated a slower doubling time in both two\u2010dimensional (2D) and 3D cultures. Virus production comparisons demonstrated that the chemically defined OptiVERO medium performed at least as good as the EMEM\u201010%FBS and better than the plant hydrolysate\u2010containing media. We report the success in using recombinant proteins to replace undefined plant hydrolysates to formulate a chemically defined medium that can efficiently support VERO cell expansion and virus production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.27486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T09:29:45Z","timestamp":1594373385000},"page":"3277-3285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Formulation and production of a blood\u2010free and chemically defined virus production media for VERO cells"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0911-1199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Randall","family":"Alfano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"InVitria Junction City Kansas"},{"name":"Division of Vector\u2010Borne Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fort Collins Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atherly","family":"Pennybaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InVitria Junction City Kansas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Halfmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Influenza Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9720-4792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire Y.\u2010H.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vector\u2010Borne Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fort Collins Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/533452a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/537433a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.09.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.2.10.955-961.1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"EMA. 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