{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T13:18:59Z","timestamp":1791379139375,"version":"4.3.2"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,21]],"date-time":"2025-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742515200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biotech &amp;amp; Bioengineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Alternative fermentation feedstocks such as ethanol can be produced from CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    via electrocatalytic processes that coproduce O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . In this study, industrial\u2010scale fermentation of ethanol with pure O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    for single cell protein (SCP) production was studied using a modeling approach. This approach considered (i) microbial kinetics, (ii) gas\u2013liquid transfer, and (iii) an exploration of potential operational constraints. The technical feasibility for producing up to 58\u2009kt\/y of SCP in a 600\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    bubble column operating in continuous mode was assessed and attributed mainly to a high O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    transfer rate of 1.1\u2009mol\/(kg\u2009h) through the use of pure O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . However, most of the pure O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    fed to the fermenter remains unconsumed due to the large gas flows needed to maximize mass transfer. In addition, biomass production may be hampered by high dissolved CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    concentrations and by large heat production. The model estimates a microbial biomass concentration of 114\u2009g\/kg, with a yield on ethanol of 0.61\u2009g\n                    <jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/g\n                    <jats:sub>ethanol<\/jats:sub>\n                    (&gt;\u200995% ). Although the large predicted O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    transfer capacity seems technically feasible, it needs further experimental validation. The model structure allows the analysis of alternative substrates in the same way as identifying the best carbon feedstock.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.28969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T10:50:26Z","timestamp":1742727026000},"page":"1441-1460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Single Cell Protein Production From Ethanol: Model\u2010Based Bioreactor Operation at Industrial Scale"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Almeida Benalc\u00e1zar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Delft the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wouter A.","family":"van Winden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"dsm\u2010firmenich, Center for Bioprocess Innovation Delft the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Puiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Delft the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Posada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Delft the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mickel L. 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