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However, endogenous contaminants with histidine clusters, such as GFAT and PDH E1 proteins, are often co\u2010purified with the target protein. The low background strain LOBSTR\u2010RIL has been previously engineered with mutated forms of SlyD and ArnA that exhibit reduced binding to Ni\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    resin. In this study, the LOBSTR\u2010RIL strain was further modified to produce IMACulate(DE3), where we altered the\n                    <jats:italic>glmS<\/jats:italic>\n                    (encoding GFAT protein) and\n                    <jats:italic>aceE<\/jats:italic>\n                    (encoding PDH E1 protein) genes to reduce surface histidines. Proteins purified from this strain show reduced levels of GFAT contamination. No statistically significant difference was observed in the abundance levels of PDH E1 protein in the BL21(DE3)\u2010RIL, LOBSTR\u2010RIL and IMACulate(DE3) strains. The use of IMACulate(DE3) increases the purity of recombinant his\u2010tagged protein preparations with no additional effort or expense.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.70244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T06:07:27Z","timestamp":1779257247000},"page":"2127-2138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["IMACulate(DE3), an\n                    <i>E. coli<\/i>\n                    Strain for High Purity His\u2010Tagged Protein Purifications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7328-189X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia Q.","family":"Truong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, STEM College RMIT University Bundoora Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingyi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mass Spectrometry Facility St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Fitzroy Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Adelaide University Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Langendorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Fitzroy Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith. E.","family":"Shearwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Adelaide University Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica K.","family":"Holien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science, STEM College RMIT University Bundoora Victoria Australia"},{"name":"St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research Fitzroy Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital University of Melbourne Fitzroy Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.1995.7040649.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.24364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0118557"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/msb4100050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Behle A.2024.Overlap extension PCR. 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