{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T05:29:14Z","timestamp":1786598954857,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009750","name":"Familjen Kamprads Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009750","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003077","name":"Knowledge Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biotech &amp; Bioengineering"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Mixotrophic cultivation of microalgal polycultures can enhance biomass productivity and nutrient recovery from wastewaters compared to autotrophic systems. To better understand non\u2010axenic polycultures under mixotrophic conditions, this study examined species composition and gene expression in a local freshwater green algal polyculture cultivated in outdoor raceway ponds in Southeast Sweden during spring and autumn. Cultures were cultivated under autotrophic conditions in leachate\u2013KH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    PO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    medium or under mixotrophic conditions with glucose or whey permeate supplementation. Community composition was analyzed using high\u2010throughput sequencing of 18S and 16S rRNA genes, while transcriptomic responses were assessed by differential gene expression analysis. The eukaryotic community remained stable and dominated by green algae (Chlorophyta) under autotrophic conditions, whereas mixotrophic cultivation promoted increases in Ciliophora and Rotifera. Transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulation of photosynthesis\u2010related genes alongside upregulation of nutrient transporters under mixotrophy, consistent with enhanced nutrient removal. Mixotrophic cultivation showed potential for enhanced carbohydrate accumulation and upregulated pathways for oleic acid and amino acid biosynthesis, including arginine, glutamine, glycine, proline, and asparagine. These results demonstrate that mixotrophic conditions drive both microbial community shifts and metabolic reprogramming, underscoring the importance of cultivation strategy and polyculture selection for targeted applications such as nutrient recovery and bioproduct generation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.70340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T05:13:11Z","timestamp":1786597991000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Species Dynamics and Gene Expression in Algal Polycultures Under Mixotrophic Cultivation in Outdoor Pilot\u2010Scale Nordic Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Quyen","family":"Nham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Center for Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3083-7437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Farnelid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Center for Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7155-3604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine","family":"Legrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Center for Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden"},{"name":"School of Health and Welfare J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping University J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1149-6852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elin","family":"Lindehoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Center for Ecology and Evolution and Microbial Model Systems Linnaeus University Kalmar Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"31","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11682","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.0c03216","article-title":"Oxygen Balanced Mixotrophy Under Day\u2013Night Cycles","volume":"8","author":"Abiusi F.","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3509","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-30707-8","article-title":"Nordic Microalgae Produce Biostimulant for the Germination of Tomato and Barley Seeds","volume":"13","author":"Alling T.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20997","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-7320-y","article-title":"Bioremediation of Domestic and Industrial Wastewaters Integrated With Enhanced Biodiesel Production Using Novel Oleaginous Microalgae","volume":"23","author":"Arora N.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-018-1550-y","article-title":"Investigation of \u03b2\u2010galactosidase Production by Microalga Tetradesmus Obliquus in Determined Growth Conditions","volume":"31","author":"Bentahar J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Phycology"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.5560030821","article-title":"A New Family of Carbon\u2010Nitrogen Hydrolases","volume":"3","author":"Bork P.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Protein Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo3020294","article-title":"Amino Acid Biosynthesis Pathways in Diatoms","volume":"3","author":"Bromke M.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.8986.2","article-title":"Bioconductor Workflow for Microbiome Data Analysis: From Raw Reads to Community Analyses","volume":"5","author":"Callahan B. 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