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In this study, we developed a continuous\u2010flow millireactor system employing\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells expressing a nitrilase from\n                    <jats:italic>Paraburkholderia phymatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Nit\n                    <jats:sub>Phym<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) for the continuous production of nicotinic acid. To enhance catalytic efficiency and stability, whole cells were immobilized using two different strategies: covalent attachment to the reactor walls and encapsulation in alginate microbeads. The performance of these immobilization techniques was evaluated in millireactors with two different geometries: pillar and zigzag configurations. Encapsulation of Nit\n                    <jats:sub>Phym<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010expressing\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    cells in alginate microbeads was achieved through a centrifuge\u2010assisted microencapsulation method, yielding beads with diameters of up to 350\u2009\u00b5m. Continuous\u2010flow reactions demonstrated that the microencapsulated cells maintained their activity over at least 7 days, achieving stable conversion rates of approximately 30% in both pillar and zigzag millireactors. Compared to direct covalent immobilization, microencapsulation significantly reduced cell leaching and contamination of the reaction product. These findings highlight the potential of whole\u2010cell microencapsulation for enhancing the stability and efficiency of biocatalytic processes in continuous\u2010flow millireactors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.70391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T09:55:07Z","timestamp":1790762107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immobilization of Alginate Microbeads With Whole\u2010Cells Expressing Nitrilase for Continuous Nicotinic Acid Production in Chip Millireactor"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9939-6150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Bassut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEA, LETI Univ. 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Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1202-8110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carine","family":"Vergne\u2010Vaxelaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9nomique M\u00e9tabolique, Genoscope, Institut Fran\u00e7ois Jacob, CEA, CNRS Universit\u00e9 Evry Paris\u2010Saclay Evry\u2010Courcouronnes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8566-0571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Louis","family":"Petit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G\u00e9nomique M\u00e9tabolique, Genoscope, Institut Fran\u00e7ois Jacob, CEA, CNRS Universit\u00e9 Evry Paris\u2010Saclay Evry\u2010Courcouronnes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3299-4089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u00eft\u00e9","family":"Michaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEA, LITEN Univ. 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