{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T15:33:40Z","timestamp":1776353620750,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1473120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) in recurrent breast cancer offers targeted axillary staging compared with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) or no treatment. The evidence for lymphatic mapping in recurrent breast cancer is reviewed, focusing on aberrant drainage and its implications for patient management.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A meta-analysis of studies evaluating lymphatic mapping in recurrent breast cancer was performed. Outcomes included sentinel node identification, aberrant lymphatic pathways and metastatic node rates in aberrant drainage and ipsilateral axilla. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 per cent confidence intervals (c.i.) were estimated using fixed-effect analyses, or random-effects analyses in the event of statistically significant heterogeneity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Seven studies reported data on lymphatic mapping in 1053 patients with recurrent breast cancer. The intraoperative sentinel node identification rate was 59\u00b76 (95 per cent c.i. 56\u00b77 to 62\u00b76) per cent, and significantly greater when the original axillary surgery was SNB compared with ALND (OR 2\u00b797, 95 per cent c.i. 1\u00b766 to 5\u00b732). The rate of aberrant lymphatic drainage identification was 25\u00b77 (23\u00b70 to 28\u00b73) per cent, and significantly greater when the original axillary surgery was ALND (OR 0\u00b727, 0\u00b719 to 0\u00b738). The metastatic sentinel node rate was 10\u00b74 (8\u00b76 to 12\u00b73) per cent, and a significantly greater metastatic nodal burden was identified in the ipsilateral axilla (OR 6\u00b731, 1\u00b703 to 38\u00b779).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lymphatic mapping is feasible in recurrent breast cancer. It avoids ALND in over 50 per cent of patients who have undergone SNB, and allows the 4 per cent of patients with metastatically involved aberrant nodes to receive targeted surgical and adjuvant therapies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T13:38:01Z","timestamp":1473169081000},"page":"1579-1588","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Meta-analysis of aberrant lymphatic drainage in recurrent breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Oncology, Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, School of Business 612, University of Salford, Salford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I T","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast Surgical Unit, Breast Cancer Centre, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021022313182644300_bjs10289-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-008-0229-z","article-title":"SNAC Trial Group of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) and NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre. 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