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AAAs can be detected before rupture by abdominal ultrasound imaging, allowing elective repair. Population-based screening for AAA in older men reduces AAA-related mortality by about 40 per cent. The UK began an AAA screening programme offering one-off scans to men aged 65 years in 2009. Sweden has a similar programme. Currently, there is no AAA screening programme in New Zealand. This cost\u2013utility analysis aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of a UK-style screening programme in the New Zealand setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis compared a formal AAA screening programme (one-off abdominal ultrasound imaging for about 20 000 men aged 65 years in 2011) with no systematic screening. A Markov macrosimulation model was adapted to estimate the health gains (in quality-adjusted life-years, QALYs), health system costs and cost-effectiveness in New Zealand. A health system perspective and lifetime horizon was adopted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>With New Zealand-specific inputs, the adapted model produced an estimate of about NZ $15 300 (\u20ac7746) per QALY gained, with a 95 per cent uncertainty interval (UI) of NZ $8700 to 31 000 (\u20ac4405 to 15 694) per QALY gained. Health gains were estimated at 117 (95 per cent UI 53 to 212) QALYs. Health system costs were NZ $1\u00b768 million (\u20ac850 535), with a 95 per cent UI of NZ $820 200 to 3\u00b724 million (\u20ac415 243 to \u20ac1\u00b765 million).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using New Zealand's gross domestic product per capita (about NZ $45 000 or \u20ac22 100) as a cost-effectiveness threshold, a UK-style AAA screening programme would be cost-effective in New Zealand.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T10:58:40Z","timestamp":1558522720000},"page":"1043-1054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Health gains, costs and cost-effectiveness of a population-based screening programme for abdominal aortic 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