{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T11:34:55Z","timestamp":1790422495840,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]],"date-time":"1980-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":328665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"St Mark's Research Foundation"},{"name":"Cancer Research Campaign"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>A histopathological study of 703 surgical specimens from patients with adenocarcinoma of the rectum revealed invasion of veins by primary growth in almost 52 per cent. Follow-up studies on the patients showed that the corrected 5-year survival rate was significantly worse and liver metastases developed more frequently when venous invasion was present. Invasion of extramural veins was particularly significant whereas spread confined to intramural veins was less important. Invasion of large (thickwalled) veins was of greater consequence than invasion of small (thin-walled) veins and spread into thick-walled extramural veins had the greatest adverse influence of all. Venous spread of tumour takes place in parallel with local spread as measured by the Dukes' stage but exerts an influence on prognosis independent of the Dukes' stage. Similarly, vein invasion parallels the number of lymph node metastases but appears to exert an independent influence on prognosis. Observation of venous spread provides a precise assessment of the likely behaviour of rectal carcinoma and supplements, but does not replace indices such as the Dukes' stage or the number of lymph node metastases in routine use. The implications for surgical technique and management are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800670619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T19:16:33Z","timestamp":1172862993000},"page":"439-442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":308,"title":["The clinical significance of invasion of veins by rectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Ian C","family":"Talbot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine , PO Box 65, Leicester LE2 7LX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila","family":"Ritchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, St Mark's Hospital , London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica H","family":"Leighton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computing for Medical Sciences, St Bartholomew's Hospital , London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony O","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, St Mark's Hospital , London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H J R","family":"Bussey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, St Mark's Hospital , London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Basil C","family":"Morson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, St Mark's Hospital , London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib1","first-page":"10","volume-title":"Mortality Statistics 1976. Review of the Registrar-General on Deaths in England and Wales, 1976","author":"Office of Population Censuses and Surveys","year":"1978"},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib2","first-page":"525","article-title":"Some observations on carcinoma of the colon","volume":"72","author":"Clogg","year":"1904","journal-title":"Practitioner"},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)99076-7","article-title":"A method of performing abdominoperineal excision for carcinoma of the rectum and of the terminal portion of the pelvic colon","volume":"2","author":"Miles","year":"1908","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700350303","article-title":"The classification of cancer of the rectum","volume":"35","author":"Dukes","year":"1932","journal-title":"J. Pathol. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700330402","article-title":"The importance of venous invasion in the development of metastatic tumours in the liver","volume":"33","author":"Willis","year":"1930","journal-title":"J. Pathol. Bacteriol."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib6","first-page":"611","article-title":"Visceral metastases from rectal carcinoma","volume":"66","author":"Brown","year":"1938","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-194208000-00005","article-title":"The lymphatic and venous spread of carcinoma of rectum","volume":"116","author":"Grinnell","year":"1942","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib8","first-page":"281","article-title":"The prognostic significance of gross venous invasion in carcinoma of the rectum","volume":"6","author":"Carrol","year":"1963","journal-title":"Can. J. Surg."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197301)31:1<226::AID-CNCR2820310130>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Carcinoma of the colon and rectum: circulating malignant cells and five year survival","volume":"31","author":"Griffiths","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib10","volume-title":"Statistical Package for the Social Sciences","author":"Nie","year":"1975","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02616625","article-title":"The spread of carcinoma of the colon and rectum: a study of invasion of blood vessels, lymph nodes and the peritoneum by tumour cells","volume":"2","author":"Moore","year":"1959","journal-title":"Dis. Colon Rectum"},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6007.439","article-title":"The curability of breast cancer","volume":"1","author":"Baum","year":"1976","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2007.1452","article-title":"On the dissemination of cancer of the breast","volume":"1","author":"Stiles","year":"1899","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib14","first-page":"463","article-title":"Cancer of the sigmoid flexure and rectum","volume":"6","author":"Moynihan","year":"1908","journal-title":"Surg. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-196709000-00010","article-title":"Cancer of the colon: the influence of the \u2018no-touch isolation\u2019 technic on survival rates","volume":"166","author":"Turnbull","year":"1967","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib16","first-page":"211","article-title":"Carcinoma of the colon","volume":"11","author":"Hawley","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br. J. Hosp. Med."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib17","first-page":"260","article-title":"Adjuvant chemotherapy. An approach to the management of malignant disease","volume":"20","author":"Bush","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br. J. Hosp. Med."},{"key":"2024092709561934000_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6098.1320","article-title":"Adjuvant liver perfusion in colorectal cancer: initial results of a clinical trial","volume":"2","author":"Taylor","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."}],"container-title":["Journal of British Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbjs.1800670619","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article-pdf\/67\/6\/439\/59368654\/bjs1800670619.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article-pdf\/67\/6\/439\/59368654\/bjs1800670619.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T09:56:33Z","timestamp":1727430993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article\/67\/6\/439\/6180883"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.1800670619","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1323","1365-2168"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1323","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2168","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1980,6]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]]}}}