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Therapies were classified as \u2018definitely effective\u2019 if their effectiveness was demonstrated in at least one randomized placebo-controlled study of women with cyclical mastopathy, \u2018probably effective\u2019 if their effectiveness in relieving breast symptoms was demonstrated in at least one study in women with premenstrual syndrome, and \u2018probably not effective\u2019 if they had not been shown to improve breast symptoms in at least two studies in women with premenstrual syndrome. Bromocriptine, danazol, evening primrose oil, tamoxifen and reduction of dietary fat intake were classified as definitely effective and norethisterone and Bellergal as probably effective. Several therapeutic manoeuvres, including reduction of methylxanthine ingestion and the administration of vitamin E or diuretics, have not been adequately evaluated in women with cyclical breast symptoms. A review of the published reports of the physiological effects of therapies that were definitely or probably effective revealed that these agents acted either to alter serum prolactin levels or lipid metabolism, or both. As evidence exists that prolactin influences lipid metabolism it is postulated that cyclical mastopathy may be a disorder of lipid metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800750904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T11:32:33Z","timestamp":1172921553000},"page":"837-844","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Cyclical mastopathy: A critical review of therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"P J","family":"Goodwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Henrietta Banting Breast Centre, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Neelam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (Toronto Branch) ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N F","family":"Boyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research (Toronto Branch) ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1988,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092806091069800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.72.11.1257","article-title":"Prevalence of premenstrual symptoms","volume":"72","author":"Wood","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Pub Health"},{"key":"2024092806091069800_bib2","first-page":"48","volume-title":"Clinical Surgery International 10. 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