{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:39:29Z","timestamp":1787899169234,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]],"date-time":"1991-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":673056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Tribal enemas obtained from traditional healers are used widely in Southern Africa for a variety of indications. Inclusion of injurious substances such as potassium dichromate may cause serious colonic and renal complications. Nine such patients, in seven of whom chromate use was confirmed, presented after a mean delay of 7\u00b73 days. All patients had bloody diarrhoea and vomiting and three underwent major colonic resection, requiring a total of ten procedures. One patient suffered mechanical perforation of the rectum, with subsequent necrotizing fasciitis, necessitating rectal excision. Eight patients had acute renal failure and seven required dialysis. One patient died. At follow-up one patient has chronic renal failure and only three are completely well. Although local medical practitioners are aware of the problem, the challenge of preventing harmful cultural practices remains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800780510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T15:57:54Z","timestamp":1172937474000},"page":"545-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Colonic complications after toxic tribal enemas"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"J P","family":"Dunn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital , Cape Town,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J E J","family":"Krige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital , Cape Town,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital , Cape Town,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P C","family":"Bornman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital , Cape Town,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Terblanche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital , Cape Town,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092809463181800_bib1","first-page":"119","article-title":"Ano-rectal disease in the South African Bantu. 1. 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