{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T12:56:13Z","timestamp":1782305773194,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]],"date-time":"1991-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":691545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sir Alan Parks Research Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000297","name":"The Royal College of Surgeons of England","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000297","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"St. Mark's Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Anal dilatation is still used in the treatment of anal fissure and haemorrhoids. Using anorectal physiology and anal endosonography we have studied 12 men presenting with faecal incontinence following anal dilatation. Resting anal pressures were low, pudendal nerve latencies were normal; 11 men had a disrupted internal anal sphincter and in ten this was extensively fragmented. Three also had defects of the external anal sphincter. These findings demonstrate for the first time the nature of the structural injury which may be caused by anal dilatation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800781206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T15:16:28Z","timestamp":1172934988000},"page":"1429-1430","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":179,"title":["Sphincter injury after anal dilatation demonstrated by anal endosonography"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"C T M","family":"Speakman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir Alan Parks Physiology Unit and Department of Radiology, St. Mark's Hospital , City Road, London EC1V 2PS,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S J D","family":"Burnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir Alan Parks Physiology Unit and Department of Radiology, St. Mark's Hospital , City Road, London EC1V 2PS,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M A","family":"Kamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir Alan Parks Physiology Unit and Department of Radiology, St. Mark's Hospital , City Road, London EC1V 2PS,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C I","family":"Bartram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sir Alan Parks Physiology Unit and Department of Radiology, St. Mark's Hospital , City Road, London EC1V 2PS,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024092809011007100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5405.342","article-title":"Stretching of anal sphincters in treatment of fissure-in-ano","volume":"ii","author":"Watts","year":"1964","journal-title":"Br Med 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