{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:33:50Z","timestamp":1791290030924,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,20]],"date-time":"2006-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002794","name":"Swedish Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Stockholm Cancer Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Preoperative radiotherapy improves local control and survival in rectal cancer, but there are few reports on long-term morbidity. The aims of this study were to compare long-term morbidity and quality of life in patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery with or without preoperative radiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 252 patients, randomized within the two Stockholm trials on preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer, were alive at a mean of 15 years after surgery. Some 139 of these patients were available for follow-up by questionnaires and clinical examination. Questionnaires regarding medical history and quality of life were completed by all patients. All patients had a clinical examination, and those without a stoma underwent rigid sigmoidoscopy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, patients who had preoperative radiotherapy experienced significantly more late complications than those who did not (69 versus 43 per cent; P = 0\u00b7002). This morbidity consisted mainly of cardiovascular disease (35 versus 19 per cent; P = 0\u00b7032), faecal incontinence (12 of 21 versus 11 of 42 patients having anterior resection; P = 0\u00b7013) and urinary incontinence (45 versus 27 per cent; P = 0\u00b7023). No significant differences between groups were found for hip or pelvic fractures, small bowel obstruction or global quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Preoperative short-course, high-dose radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer increases the risk of anal and urinary dysfunction, and may lead to increased cardiovascular morbidity, at long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,20]],"date-time":"2006-10-20T10:46:27Z","timestamp":1161341187000},"page":"1519-1525","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":182,"title":["Late adverse effects of short-course preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Pollack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute Divisions of Surgery at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute Divisions of Surgery at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Cedermark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute Divisions of Surgery at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Altman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute Divisions of Surgery at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Holmstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute Divisions of Surgery at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Glimelius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Radiumhemmet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Mellgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institute Divisions of Surgery at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Colorectal Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070910580267100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950501)75:9<2269::AID-CNCR2820750913>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"The Stockholm I trial of preoperative short term radiotherapy in operable rectal carcinoma. 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