{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:57:38Z","timestamp":1790855858012,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,21]],"date-time":"2008-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1219276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrograde colonic irrigation is a possible treatment for defaecation disorders when conservative treatment or surgery has failed. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate its effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients were divided into three groups: those with faecal incontinence (A), constipation (B) or both (C). The Biotrol\u00ae Irrimatic pump or the irrigation bag was used for colonic irrigation. Patients completed a questionnaire at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months, as well as a Short Form 36 health survey and an American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgery quality of life questionnaire at baseline and after 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study included 39 patients (26 women; mean age 58\u00b70 years). In group A, 11 of 18 patients were pseudocontinent for faeces at 3 months (P &amp;lt; 0\u00b7001). Parks' incontinence scores decreased for all patients in this group at 3 months (P &amp;lt; 0\u00b7001), 6 months (P = 0\u00b7036) and 1 year (P = 0\u00b7005). In group B, three of ten patients reported a major improvement. The mean score for the feeling of incomplete evacuation decreased at 3 months (P = 0\u00b7007), 6 months (P = 0\u00b7013) and 1 year (P = 0\u00b7036). In group C, six of ten patients became pseudocontinent for faeces (P = 0\u00b7009) and three reported improvement in constipation. The overall quality of life scores improved (P = 0\u00b7012).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrograde colonic irrigation is an undervalued but effective alternative treatment for intractable defaecation disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,21]],"date-time":"2008-08-21T14:08:38Z","timestamp":1219327718000},"page":"1273-1279","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Prospective study of colonic irrigation for the treatment of defaecation disorders"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"S M P","family":"Koch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Melenhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W G","family":"van Gemert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C G M I","family":"Baeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070907322552300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.4.480","article-title":"Prevalence of faecal incontinence in adults aged 40 years or more living in the community","volume":"50","author":"Perry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2021070907322552300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1463-1318.2003.00497.x","article-title":"Obstructed defecation","volume":"5","author":"D'Hoore","year":"2003","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"key":"2021070907322552300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02234835","article-title":"Treatment options for fecal incontinence","volume":"44","author":"Whitehead","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"2021070907322552300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1999.01215.x","article-title":"Outcome of biofeedback for faecal incontinence","volume":"86","author":"Norton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2021070907322552300_bib5","first-page":"989","article-title":"[Sacral neuromodulation effective in the treatment of fecal incontinence with intact sphincter muslces. 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