{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:01:37Z","timestamp":1772118097645,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,21]],"date-time":"2009-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1240272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Faecal incontinence affects a heterogeneous population and aetiology can be multifactorial. In a subset of patients the aetiology remains idiopathic despite standard investigations. Anal cushions are important in normal continence, but have rarely been studied. The aim of this study was to measure the size of the anal cushions and to evaluate their role in patients with idiopathic faecal incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women in whom idiopathic faecal incontinence was diagnosed after standard anorectal investigations underwent transvaginal ultrasonography. The area of the anal cushions was measured and a cushion : canal (C : C) ratio derived, which was compared with that in a control group of women without faecal incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some 21 patients with incontinence (median age 60 years) and 102 asymptomatic controls (median age 41 years) underwent scanning. The median (interquartile range) C : C ratio in the symptomatic group was significantly lower than that for controls (0\u00b757 (0\u00b754\u20130\u00b766) versus 0\u00b768 (0\u00b761\u20130\u00b773) respectively; P = 0\u00b7001). C : C ratio was not influenced by age (r = 0\u00b7023, P = 0\u00b7821).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The C : C ratio was reduced in patients with idiopathic faecal incontinence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6597","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,21]],"date-time":"2009-04-21T10:56:28Z","timestamp":1240311388000},"page":"680-684","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Measurement of anal cushions in idiopathic faecal incontinence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"D K","family":"Thekkinkattil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John Goligher Colorectal Unit, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R J","family":"Dunham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"O'Herlihy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P J","family":"Finan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Goligher Colorectal Unit, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P M","family":"Sagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Goligher Colorectal Unit, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D A","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John Goligher Colorectal Unit, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070906274154600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00329-9","article-title":"Faecal incontinence","volume":"124","author":"Bharucha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2021070906274154600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.4.480","article-title":"Prevalence of faecal incontinence in adults aged 40 years or more living in the community","volume":"50","author":"Perry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2021070906274154600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11093.x","article-title":"Anal sphincter tears: prospective study of obstetric risk factors","volume":"107","author":"Samuelsson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2021070906274154600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199312233292601","article-title":"Anal-sphincter disruption during vaginal delivery","volume":"329","author":"Sultan","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021070906274154600_bib5","first-page":"770","article-title":"Anal sphincter damage after vaginal delivery using three-dimensional endosonography","volume":"97","author":"Williams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2021070906274154600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01646870","article-title":"The composition of anal basal pressure. 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