{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T22:49:24Z","timestamp":1761518964734},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,16]],"date-time":"2010-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1279238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with breast cancer and a positive axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) are recommended to undergo complete axillary lymph node dissection; however, further nodal disease is not always present. Mathematical models have been constructed to determine the risk of metastatic disease; three of these were evaluated independently.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 108 women with breast cancer who had a positive SLN biopsy and completion axillary lymph node dissection were used. Measurements of additional parameters over those usually determined (such as size of SLN metastasis) were assessed under the supervision of two pathologists. These data were used to determine the predicted risk of non-SLN metastases using three mathematical models (from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Cambridge University and Stanford University) and a comparison made with the observed findings. Analyses were made using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some 53 (49\u00b71 per cent) of 108 patients had a positive non-sentinel axillary lymph node metastasis. The AUC values were 0\u00b763, 0\u00b772 and 0\u00b767 for the MSKCC, Cambridge and Stanford nomograms respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This independent comparison found no significant difference between the models, although the Cambridge model had the advantage of requiring fewer measurements with a more accurate predictive performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,16]],"date-time":"2010-07-16T10:55:34Z","timestamp":1279277734000},"page":"1646-1652","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Comparison of three mathematical models for predicting the risk of additional axillary nodal metastases after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in early breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Y","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, University College Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Falzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, University College Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Fulford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, University College Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N R","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University College London Medical School, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M R","family":"Keshtgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University College London Medical School, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012782","article-title":"A randomized comparison of sentinel-node biopsy with routine axillary dissection in breast cancer","volume":"349","author":"Veronesi","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199810013391401","article-title":"The sentinel node in breast cancer\u2014a multicenter validation study","volume":"339","author":"Krag","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.6.2345","article-title":"Sentinel lymphadenectomy in breast cancer","volume":"15","author":"Giuliano","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.4.368","article-title":"Sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary dissection in breast cancer: results in a large series","volume":"91","author":"Veronesi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib5","first-page":"32","article-title":"The emerging role and implications of sentinel node biopsy in breast carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Chicken","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hell J Nucl Med"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(02)00652-6","article-title":"Clinical role of sentinel-lymph-node biopsy in breast cancer","volume":"3","author":"Keshtgar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000801)89:3<574::AID-CNCR12>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Pathologic features associated with nonsentinel lymph node metastases in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma in a sentinel lymph node","volume":"89","author":"Turner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.6.1720","article-title":"Sentinel lymph node biopsy with metastasis: can axillary dissection be avoided in some patients with breast cancer?","volume":"17","author":"Reynolds","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2021070910462277800_bib9","first-page":"257","volume-title":"In AJCC Cancer Staging Manual","author":"American Joint Committee on Cancer. 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