{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T13:49:17Z","timestamp":1786974557571,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]],"date-time":"2010-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1279670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009752","name":"Futurum Academy for Health Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009752","name":"J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping County Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lithium therapy for affective bipolar disease is frequently associated with hyperparathyroidism (HPT), but the results of surgical treatment are virtually unknown. The aim of this retrospective review was to analyse the long-term outcome after surgery for lithium-induced HPT in a large series of patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Seventy-one patients on chronic lithium therapy who underwent surgery in three university and three district hospitals in Sweden were followed for a median of 6\u00b73 years. Histopathology, complications of surgery and normocalcaemia at 6 months after surgery and last follow-up were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The primary histopathological diagnoses were adenoma (45 per cent), double adenomas (3 per cent) and hyperplasia (52 per cent). No permanent paresis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was recorded but 13 per cent of the patients suffered from permanent hypoparathyroidism. At follow-up, the rate of persistent and recurrent HPT was 42 per cent regardless of the histopathological diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results of conventional surgery for lithium-associated HPT are poor. The surgical approach should be adjusted for the multiglandular disease that is usually the cause of HPT in patients on chronic lithium therapy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]],"date-time":"2010-07-21T11:25:39Z","timestamp":1279711539000},"page":"1680-1685","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Long-term results of surgery for lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"J","family":"J\u00e4rhult","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, H\u00f6glandssjukhuset Eksj\u00f6, Eksj\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Ryhov Hospital, J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Ander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, N\u00c4L Trollh\u00e4ttan, Trollh\u00e4ttan, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Asking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Ryhov Hospital, J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Jansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Meehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, G\u00f6teborg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Kristoffersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University Hospital, Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Nordenstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1949.tb36912.x","article-title":"Lithium salts in the treatment of psychotic excitement","volume":"2","author":"Cade","year":"1949","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)90846-5","article-title":"Hypothyroidism and hyperparathyroidism associated with lithium","volume":"2","author":"Garfinkel","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1989.00390050046009","article-title":"Hyperparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, and impaired renal function after 10\u201320 years of lithium treatment","volume":"149","author":"Stancer","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.1996.28864000.x","article-title":"Hyperparathyroidism and long-term lithium therapy\u2014a cross-sectional study and the effect of lithium withdrawal","volume":"240","author":"Bendz","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib5","first-page":"209","article-title":"Acute and chronic effects of lithium on human calcium metabolism","volume":"2","author":"Mallette","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lithium"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib6","first-page":"4163","article-title":"Hyperkalcemi vid litiumbehandling\u2014en underv\u00e4rderad komplikation?","volume":"89","author":"Kallner","year":"1992","journal-title":"L\u00e4kartidningen"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib7","first-page":"1061","article-title":"Lithium effects on dispersed bovine parathyroid cells grown in tissue culture","volume":"110","author":"McHenry","year":"1991","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib8","first-page":"2844","article-title":"Alterations in parathyroid dynamics in lithium-treated subjects","volume":"82","author":"Haden","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881105057515","article-title":"Lithium: a review of its metabolic adverse effects","volume":"20","author":"Livingstone","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1982.04290090060012","article-title":"Long-term lithium carbonate therapy causes hyperparathyroidism","volume":"39","author":"Franks","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-68-3-654","article-title":"Lithium treatment increases intact and midregion parathyroid hormone and parathyroid volume","volume":"68","author":"Mallette","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1210174","article-title":"A single dose of lithium carbonate acutely elevates intact parathyroid hormone levels in humans","volume":"121","author":"Seely","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(94)90017-5","article-title":"Biochemical hyperparathyroidism and bone mineral status in patients treated long-term with lithium","volume":"43","author":"Nordenstr\u00f6m","year":"1994","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib14","first-page":"3857","article-title":"Effects of lithium therapy on bone mineral metabolism: a two-year prospective longitudinal study","volume":"83","author":"Mak","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib15","first-page":"1001","article-title":"Lithiumogenic disorders of the thyroid and parathyroid glands as surgical disease","volume":"108","author":"McHenry","year":"1990","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib16","first-page":"207","article-title":"Hyperparathyroidism associated with treatment of manic-depressive disorders by lithium","volume":"158","author":"Nordenstr\u00f6m","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Surg"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(76)92867-1","article-title":"Lithium, hypercalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism","volume":"2","author":"Christensson","year":"1976","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)90572-4","article-title":"Hyperthyroidism and a parathyroid adenoma complicating lithium treatment","volume":"2","author":"MacGregor","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/25.10.1806","article-title":"Increase in dialyzable calcium associated with therapy with lithium","volume":"25","author":"Toffaletti","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib20","first-page":"38","article-title":"Hyperparathyroidism in association with lithium therapy","volume":"42","author":"Graze","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688307601210","article-title":"Lithium and symptomatic hyperparathyroidism","volume":"76","author":"Ananth","year":"1983","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6467.516","article-title":"Persistent nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hyperparathyroidism and hypothyroidism after lithium treatment","volume":"290","author":"Cairns","year":"1985","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib23","first-page":"614","article-title":"Surgical management of lithium-induced hypercalcaemia","volume":"54","author":"Feldman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Conn Med"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01665307","article-title":"Management of hyperparathyroid patients with grave hypercalcemia","volume":"15","author":"Tisell","year":"1991","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1097\/00045391-199709000-00007","article-title":"Lithium therapy, hypercalcemia, and hyperparathyroidism","volume":"4","author":"Wolf","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ther"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)60117-1","article-title":"Oxyphilic parathyroid adenoma and lithium therapy","volume":"352","author":"de Celis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1999.00977.x","article-title":"Pathology and outcome of surgical treatment for lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism","volume":"86","author":"Abdullah","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-002-6824-4","article-title":"Parathyroid adenomas versus four-gland hyperplasia as the cause of primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with prolonged lithium therapy","volume":"27","author":"Awad","year":"2003","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2005.09.028","article-title":"Revisiting lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism in the era of intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring","volume":"138","author":"Hundley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-008-9616-7","article-title":"Appropriate surgical treatment of lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism","volume":"32","author":"Carchman","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-6163.2009.00201.x","article-title":"Long-term lithium therapy leading to hyperparathyroidism: a case report","volume":"45","author":"Rizwan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Perspect Psychiatr Care"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0620","article-title":"Lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism: report of four cases and review of the literature","volume":"160","author":"Szalat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib33","first-page":"1318","article-title":"Radiation-associated hyperparathyroidism: comparison of adenoma growth rates, inferred from weight and duration of latency, with prevalence of mitosis","volume":"77","author":"Parfitt","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib34","volume-title":"World Health Organization Classification of Tumours: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Endocrine Organs","author":"DeLellis","year":"2004"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60507-9","article-title":"Hyperparathyroidism","volume":"374","author":"Fraser","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-009-9942-4","article-title":"Lithium therapy and hyperparathyroidism: an evidence-based assessment","volume":"33","author":"Saunders","year":"2009","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"2021070910422401600_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.07.019","article-title":"Normalization of lithium-induced hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism with cinacalcet hydrochloride","volume":"48","author":"Sloand","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fbjs.7199","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article-pdf\/97\/11\/1680\/36640451\/bjs7199.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article-pdf\/97\/11\/1680\/36640451\/bjs7199.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T20:11:45Z","timestamp":1625861505000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bjs\/article\/97\/11\/1680\/6142033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.7199","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1323","1365-2168"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1323","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2168","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,21]]}}}