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Microvascular injury and epithelial barrier dysfunction are considered to be rate-limiting aspects in radiation-induced enteropathy. This study investigated the role of Rho kinase signalling in radiation-induced inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The specific Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 (1 and 10 mg\/kg) was given to C57BL\/6J mice before challenge with 20 Gy radiation. Leucocyte\u2013 and platelet\u2013endothelium interactions in the colonic microcirculation were assessed by intravital microscopy. Levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and CXC chemokines (macrophage inflammatory protein 2 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant), and intestinal leakage were quantified after 16 h.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Radiation increased leucocyte and platelet recruitment, MPO activity, CXC chemokine production and intestinal leakage. Y-27632 significantly reduced radiation-induced leucocyte rolling and abolished adhesion; it also decreased platelet rolling and adhesion by 55 and 74 per cent respectively (P &amp;lt; 0\u00b7050). Inhibition of Rho kinase signalling significantly decreased radiation-provoked formation of CXC chemokines, MPO activity by 52 per cent, and intestinal leakage by 67 per cent (P &amp;lt; 0\u00b7050).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rho kinase activity constitutes an important signalling mechanism in radiation-induced inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,29]],"date-time":"2010-09-29T07:28:36Z","timestamp":1285745316000},"page":"124-131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Rho kinase signalling mediates radiation-induced inflammation and intestinal barrier dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Mihaescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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