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The aim of this review was to describe common causes of disability and highlight therapeutic interventions that may optimize outcome after traumatic leg amputation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases was performed, using the terms \u2018leg injury\u2019, \u2018amputation\u2019 and \u2018outcome\u2019. Articles reporting outcomes following traumatic leg amputation were included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies demonstrated that pain, psychological illness, decreased physical and vocational function, and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were common causes of disability after traumatic leg amputation. The evidence highlights that appropriate preoperative management and operative techniques, in conjunction with suitable rehabilitation and postoperative follow-up, can lead to improved treatment outcome and patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients who undergo leg amputation after trauma are at risk of poor long-term physical and mental health. Clinicians involved in their care have many opportunities to improve their outcome using a variety of therapeutic variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T10:54:49Z","timestamp":1324551289000},"page":"75-86","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Factors affecting outcome after traumatic limb amputation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Z B","family":"Perkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Clinical Academic Unit, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H D","family":"De'Ath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Clinical Academic Unit, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Sharp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Clinical Academic Unit, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N R M","family":"Tai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma Clinical Academic Unit, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, UK"},{"name":"Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021031606553963500_bib1","volume-title":"The Amputee Statistical Database for the United Kingdom: 2006\/07","author":"Information Services Division, NHS Scotland.","year":"2009"},{"key":"2021031606553963500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201102001-00002","article-title":"Battlefield orthopaedic injuries cause the majority of long-term disabilities","volume":"19","author":"Cross","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"2021031606553963500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199905000-00003","article-title":"Outcome after major trauma: 12-month and 18-month follow-up results from the Trauma Recovery Project","volume":"46","author":"Holbrook","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2021031606553963500_bib4","first-page":"1243","article-title":"Predictors of late clinical outcome following orthopedic injuries after multiple trauma","volume":"69","author":"Pape","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2021031606553963500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(95)00178-6","article-title":"Rehabilitation and reintegration of multiply injured patients: an outcome study with special reference to multiple lower limb fractures","volume":"27","author":"Seekamp","year":"1996","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"2021031606553963500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90079-5","article-title":"Functional outcome in children with multiple trauma without significant head injury","volume":"80","author":"Aitken","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2021031606553963500_bib7","first-page":"1801","article-title":"Long-term persistence of disability following severe lower-limb trauma. 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