{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T22:12:02Z","timestamp":1777414322610,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]],"date-time":"2018-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Major Project for International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["81220108028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81220108028"]}]},{"name":"The Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangdong Province","award":["2014A030306043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014A030306043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Chromatography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Xian\u2010Ling\u2010Gu\u2010Bao capsule (XLGB), a well\u2010known traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The safety and efficacy of XLGB have been confirmed based on the principle of evidence\u2010based medicine. XLGB is usually administered orally, after which its multiple components are brought into contact with intestinal microflora in the alimentary tract and biotransformed. However, investigations on the comprehensive metabolic profile of XLGB are absent. In this study, 12 representative compounds bearing different typical structures (including iridoid glycosides, prenylated flavonol glycosides, prenylated flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins, steroidal saponins, coumarins and monoterpene phenols) were selected and then investigated for their biotransformation in rat intestinal microflora. In addition, the metabolic profile of XLGB in rat intestinal microflora was investigated by ultra\u2010performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time\u2010of\u2010flight tandem mass spectrometry. As a result, a total of 87 biotransformation components were identified from incubated solutions of 12 representative compounds and XLGB, which underwent 16 metabolic reactions (including deglycosylation, glycosylation, dehydrogenation, hydrogenation, oxidation, epoxidation, hydroxylation, dehydration, hydration, hydrolysis, methylation, isomerization, cyclization, pyrolysis reaction, amino acid conjugation and nucleophilic addition reaction with NH<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>). This demonstrated that the deglycosylation reaction by cleavage of the sugar moieties is the main metabolic pathway of a variety of glycosides, including prenylated flavonol glycosides, coumarin glycosides, iridoid glycosides and saponins. In addition, compared with the biotransformation of 12 representative compounds, a different biotransformed fate was observed in the XLGB incubated samples of rat intestinal microflora. It is worth noting that the amino acid conjugation was first discovered in the metabolism of prenylated flavonol glycosides in rat intestinal microflora.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.4160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,11]],"date-time":"2017-12-11T04:52:42Z","timestamp":1512967962000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Biotransformation and metabolic profile of Xian\u2010Ling\u2010Gu\u2010Bao capsule, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, with rat intestinal microflora by ultra\u2010performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time\u2010of\u2010flight tandem mass spectrometry analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Meng\u2010xue","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3652-0924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi\u2010yang","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng\u2010xiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010hong","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin\u2010sheng","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Jinan University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University  Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4618-1391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Jinan University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2016.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2003.10.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"1665","article-title":"Evaluation of medicinal value of Epimedium elatum on the basis of pharmacologically active constituents, icariin and Icariside II","volume":"28","author":"Arief Z. 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