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As a result, the toxicity caused by FP is frequently encountered in clinical practice; however, the underlying toxicity mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of the ethanol extract of FP (EEFP) in rats and to explore the underlying toxic mechanisms using a metabolomics approach. The toxicity was evaluated by hematological indicators, biochemical indicators, and histological changes. In addition, a serum metabolomic method based on ultra\u2010performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time\u2010of\u2010flight MS (UPLC\u2013Q\u2010TOF\u2013MS) had been established to investigate the hepatorenal toxicity of FP. Multivariate statistical approaches, such as partial least squares discriminant analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, were built to evaluate the toxic effects of FP and find potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways. Ten endogenous metabolites had been identified and the related metabolic pathways were involved in phospholipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and antioxidant system activities. The results showed that long\u2010term exposure to high\u2010dose EEFP may cause hepatorenal toxicity in rats. Therefore, serum metabolomics can improve the diagnostic efficiency of FP toxicity and make it more accurate and comprehensive.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.5064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T19:35:08Z","timestamp":1610739308000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity assessment on ethanol extract of <i>Fructus Psoraleae<\/i> in Sprague Dawley rats using a UPLC\u2013Q\u2010TOF\u2013MS analysis of serum metabolomics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2068-9912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Longlong","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Bioengineering Beijing University of Technology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianglin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feiran","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science and Bioengineering Beijing University of Technology  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2004.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90777-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1994.tb01357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.9.1007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"1088","article-title":"The progress of study on hyperuricemia","volume":"10","author":"Cheng G. 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