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Total flavonoids of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>M. apelta<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> leaf (TFM) had good anti\u2010fibrosis activity, but the anti\u2010fibrosis mechanism of TFM is still unclear. Nuclear magnetic resonance technology was used to study the dynamic changes of urine metabolites in CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced liver fibrosis before and after TFM treatment. Ingenuity Path Analysis (IPA) was used to find potential target genes for TFM to improve liver fibrosis and verify the expression of target genes by real\u2010time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blotting. TFM can significantly reduce serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, improve liver steatosis and reduce inflammation; in urine metabolomics, a total of seven potential biomarkers were found, mainly involving two metabolic pathways; IPA analysis showed that TNF may be a potential target for TFM to improve liver fibrosis induced by CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> in rats. This study found that <jats:italic>TNF<\/jats:italic> may be a potential target gene for TFM treatment of liver fibrosis, and shows that the anti\u2010fibrosis mechanism of TFM could improve liver fibrosis by regulating the tricarboxylic acid cycle and subtaurine metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.5711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T04:27:13Z","timestamp":1692419233000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Metabolomics study of the hepatoprotective effect of total flavonoids of <scp><i>Mallotus apelta<\/i><\/scp> leaf in carbon tetrachloride\u2010induced liver fibrosis in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9332-8579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules Research and Evaluation  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