{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T13:47:11Z","timestamp":1792936031805,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]],"date-time":"2023-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biomedical Chromatography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A simple external calibration liquid chromatography\u2010diode array detector method was developed, validated, and applied for the determination of lumefantrine (Lum) in dried blood spot (DBS) samples collected from malaria patients in Botswana. The samples were validated in accordance with the United States Food and Drug Administration guidelines for bioanalytical methods after sample preparation using solid\u2013liquid extraction. Separation was achieved using an XTerra C18 column (50\u2009\u00d7\u20094.6\u00a0mm,\u00a05\u00a0\u03bcm), and a binary solvent system of acetonitrile and water adjusted to pH\u00a02.3 was used as the mobile phase. The validated method was applied for the determination of Lum in DBS samples collected from malaria patients infected with <jats:italic>Plasmodium\u2009falciparum<\/jats:italic> in Botswana. The calibration curve was linear between 0.5 and 12\u2009\u03bcg\/mL with a coefficient of determination (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) of 0.9996. The limit of detection and the lower limit of quantification were 0.5 and 1.4\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL, respectively. The efficiency of extraction measured as percentage recovery ranged between 84.2% and 107.8% at the three quality control (QC) levels, that is, low QC, mid QC, and high QC. In conclusion, data suggest that the method is suitable for the determination of trace Lum in biofluids and can also be used for therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic profiling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.5762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:43:45Z","timestamp":1697503425000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A simple and rapid external standard calibration HPLC method for determination of lumefantrine in dried blood spot samples from malaria patients in Botswana"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Blondie O.","family":"Brooks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0751-0682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo Maria","family":"Paganotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana\u2013University of Pennsylvania Partnership  Gaborone Botswana"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amos","family":"Massele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enoch","family":"Sepako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Adiukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2965-3067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwenga Festus","family":"Sichilongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104458"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02476-15"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.07.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"115","volume-title":"Handbook of analytical separations","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez O.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chromsci\/bmy106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2010.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2013.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1367"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2004.07.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac020361s"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22463"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.2007.0038"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2008.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.52.9.633"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/437697"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2015.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2015.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"The Republic of Botswana Ministry of Health Department of Public Health. (2006).Malaria Strategic Plan 2006\u20102011. Towards malaria elimination.http:\/\/www.nationalplanningcycles.org\/sites\/default\/files\/country_docs\/Botswana\/botswana_malaria_strategic_plan_2006-_2011.pdf. Accessed 11th April 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"United States Food and Drug Administration. (2018).Guidance for industry: Bioanalytical method validation guidance for industry bioanalytical method validation.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/70858\/download. Accessed 11th April 2023."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"s40","article-title":"Precision of internal standard and external standard methods in high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"33","author":"Usher K. M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"LCGC North America"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-014-0177-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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